State of Our Earth
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each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Environment | The sum of all the conditions surrounding us that influence life.
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| Environmental Science | The field that looks at interactions among human systems and those found in nature.
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| Ecosystem | A particular location on Earth whose interacting components include biotic and abiotic components.
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| Biotic component | A living component
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| Abiotic component | A non-living component
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| Environmentalism | A social movement that seeks to protect the environment through lobbying, activism, and education.
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| Environmentalist | A person who participates in environmentalism.
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| Ecosystem Services | The products of natural environments that are life-supporting resources such as clean water, timber, fisheries, and agricultural crops.
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| Environmental Indicators | The different traits of a natural system that are measured and used to describe the health and quality of the natural system.
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| Sustainability | A philosophy of living that allows us to use the Earth's resources without depriving future generations of those resources.
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| The Five global-scale environmental indicators | 1. Biological Diversity
2. Food Production
3. Average Global Surface Temperature & CO2 Concentration
4. Human Population
5. Resource Depletion
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| Biodiversity | The diversity of life forms in an environment. Includes genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.
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| Genetic Diversity | A measure of the genetic variation among individuals in a population.
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| Species Diversity | The number of species in a region or in a particular type of habitat.
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| Species | A group of organism that is distinct from other groups and which can breed to produce fertile offspring.
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| Speciation | The evolution of new species.
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| Background Extinction Rate | The average rate at which species go extinct over the long term.
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| Ecosystem Diversity | Measures the diversity of ecosystems or habitats that exist in a given region.
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| Hectare | A measure of land area, 100 meters x 100 meters. Abbreviated ha.
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| Conversion factor for hectare to acres. | 2.47 acres/ha
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| Conversion factor for square mile to acres. | 1 square mile = 640 acres
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| per capita | per person
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| Greenhouse Gases | Heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere. Most important is CO2.
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| Anthropogenic | Caused by human activities.
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| Greenhouse Effect | Heat-trapping greenhouse gases causes the Earth to be warmer than expectec.
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| Current Human Population | 6.8 billion
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| Projected Human Population in 2050 | 8.1 to 9.6 billion
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| Resource Depletion | The heavy use of natural resources.
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| Development | The improvement in human well-being through economic advancement.
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| Human Needs | Includes our basic physical needs plus our need to be connected to life through access to natural areas for beauty and for social connections
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| Ecological Footprint | Measures how much land is needed to supply the goods and services that an individual uses.
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| Living Sustainably | Our ecological footprint is less than the land available.
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| Living Unsustainably | Our ecological footprint is more than the land available.
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| Scientific Method | An objective way to explore the natural world, draw inferences from it, and predict the outcome of certain events, processes, or changes.
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| Steps of the Scientific Method | 1. Observations & questions
2. Forming hypotheses
3. Collecting data
4. Interpreting results
5. Disseminating findings
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| Hypothesis | A testable conjecture about how something works.
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| Null Hypothesis | A statement or idea that can be falsified or proved wrong.
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| Replication of data | A procedure during data collection where several sets of measurements are taken.
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| Sample size | The number of times a measurement is replicated.
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| Accuracy | How close a measured value is to the actual or true value.
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| Precision | How close to one another the repeated measurements of the same sample are.
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| Uncertainty | An estimate of how much a measured or calculated value differs from a true value.
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| Inductive reasoning | The process of making general statements from specific facts or examples.
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| Deductive reasoning | The process of applying a general statement to specific facts or situations.
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| Critical Thinking | The process used to critique scientific data, how it was collected and if its conclusions are valid.
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| Theory | A repeatedly tested hypothesis that was confirmed by multiple groups of researchers and has reached wide acceptance.
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| Natural Law | A theory to which there are no known exceptions and which has withstood rigorous testing.
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| Control Group | A group that experiences exactly the same conditions as the experimental group, except for the single variable under study.
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| Natural Experiment | An experiment that happens when a natural event acts as an experimental treatment in an ecosystem. Ex. a volcano destroys a forest
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| Environmental Justice | A social movement and field of study that works toward equal enforcement of environmental laws and the elimination of disparities, whether intended or unintended.
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Created by:
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