A set of terms for the Royal Conservatory of Music's Advanced Rudiments exam.
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| a tempo | return to the original tempo
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| accelerando | becoming quicker
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| accent | a stressed note
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| ad libitum | at the liberty of the performer
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| adagio | a slow tempo
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| agitato | agitated
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| alla, all' | in the manner of
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| allargando | broadening, becoming slower
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| allegretto | a little slower than allegro
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| allegro | fast
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| andante | moderately slow; walking pace
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| andantino | a little faster than andante
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| animato | lively, animated
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| arco | played with the bow
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| assai | much, very
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| attacca | proceed without break
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| ben, bene | well
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| bewegt | moving
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| brillante | brilliant
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| cantabile | in a singing style
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| cluster | a chord consisting of at least three adjacent notes of a scale
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| col, coll', colla, colle | with
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| comodo | at a comfortable, easy tempo
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| con | with
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| con brio | with vigour, spirit
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| con espressione | with expression
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| con fuoco | with fire
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| con grazia | with grace
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| con moto | with movement
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| con pedale | with pedal
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| con sordino | with mute
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| crescendo, cresc. | becoming louder
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| da capo, D.C. | from the beginning
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| dal segno, D.S. | from the sign
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| decrescendo, decresc. | becoming softer
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| diminuendo, dim. | becoming softer
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| dolce | sweet, gentle
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| dolente | sad
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| e, ed | and
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| espressivo, espress. | expressive, with expression
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| fermata | a pause; hold the note or rest longer than its written value
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| fine | the end
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| forte | loud
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| fortepiano | loud then suddenly soft
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| fortissimo | very loud
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| giocoso | humorous, jocose
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| grandioso | grand, grandiose
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| grave | slow and solemn
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| grazioso | graceful
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| langsam | slow
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| largamente | broadly
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| larghetto | not as slow as largo
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| largo | very slow
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| legato | smoothly
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| léger | light, lightly
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| leggiero | light
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| lentement | slowly
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| lento | slow
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| l'istesso tempo | the same tempo
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| loco | return to normal register
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| ma | but
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| maestoso | majestic
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| mano destra, M.D. | right hand
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| mano sinistra, M.S. | left hand
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| marcato, marc. | marked or stressed
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| martellato | strongly accented, hammered
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| mässig | moderate, moderately
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| meno | less
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| meno mosso | less movement, slower
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| mesto | sad, mournful
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| mezzo forte | moderately loud
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| mezzo piano | moderately soft
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| mit | with
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| mit Ausdruck | with expression
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| M.M. | Maelzel's metronome
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| moderato | at a moderate tempo
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| modéré | at a moderate tempo
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| molto | much, very
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| morendo | dying, fading away
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| mouvement | tempo, motion
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| non | not
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| non troppo | not too much
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| ottava, 8va | the interval of an octave; play note(s) one octave above the written pitch
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| pedale, ped. | pedal
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| pesante | weighty, with emphasis
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| piano | soft
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| pianissimo | very soft
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| più | more
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| più mosso | more movement (quicker)
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| pizzicato, pizz. | pluck the string instead of bowing
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| poco | little
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| poco a poco | little by little
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| polychord | a combination of two or more different chords
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| presto | very fast
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| prestissimo | as fast as possible
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| primo, prima | first; the upper part of a duet
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| quartal chord | a chord built on a series of 4ths
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| quasi | almost, as if
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| rallentando, rall. | slowing down
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| repeat sign | repeat the music within the double bar lines
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| ritardando, rit. | slowing down gradually
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| ritenuto, riten. | suddenly slower, held back
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| rubato | a flexible tempo using slight variations of speed to enhance musical expression
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| scherzando | playful
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| schnell | fast
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| secondo, seconda | second; second or lower part of a duet
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| sehr | very
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| semplice | simple
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| sempre | always, continuously
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| senza | without
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| 7th chord | a chord consisting of a root, a 3rd, a 5th, and a 7th
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| sforzando | a sudden strong accent of a single note or chord
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| simile | continue in the same manner as has just been indicated
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| slur | connects several notes; play the notes legato
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| sonore | sonorous
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| sostenuto, sost. | sustained
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| sotto voce | soft, subdued, under the breath
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| staccato | sharply detached
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| strepitoso | boisterous, noisy
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| stringendo, string. | pressing, becoming faster
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| subito, sub. | suddenly
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| tacet | be silent
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| tempo | speed at which music is performed
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| tempo primo (tempo I) | return to the original tempo
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| tenuto | held, sustained
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| tie | connects two notes; hold for the combined value of the tied notes
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| tranquillo | quiet, tranquil
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| tre corde | three strings; release the left pedal
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| triad | a chord consisting of a root, a 3rd, and a 5th
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| troppo | too much
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| tutti | a passage for the ensemble
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| una corda | one string; depress the left pedal
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| vite | fast
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| vivace | lively, brisk
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| vivo | lively
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| volta | time
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| volta subito, v.s. | turn the page quickly
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