Pathologies of the ankle, foot, and knee
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| Miserable Malalignment syndrome | alignment problem of the LE. Increase in the anteversion angle of the femoral head. Genu Valgus is a common association.
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| Prepatellar Bursitis | AKA housemaids knee. From constant pressure on the patella.
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| Chondromalacia | Softening and degeneraion of cartilage behind the knee.
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| Patellofemoral pain syndrome | Pai on Anterior surface of the knee. Alignment factors (Q-angle) Excessive foot pronation
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| Osgood-Schlatters disease. | Common over-use injury of adolescents Epiphysis(growth plate) on the tibial tuberosity of growing bone.
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| Patella Tendonitis | AKA jumpers knee tenderness at patella tendon for over use stress, or overloading sudden impact-jumping. (like basketball) (usually means theres a imbalance problem somewhere)
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| Genu Vargum(vargus) | Bowed leged
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| Genu Valgus(valgum) | Knocked knees
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| Genu Recruatum | Back knees knees are in more then 0 degrees of extension.
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| Shin splints | exercise induced pain along medial edge of Tibia. inflammation of the periosteum, over use injury.
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| Medial Tibial syndrome | anterior leg pain NOT bc of stress fracture.
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| Plantigrade | a normal foot, the sole is right angles when the person is standing.
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| Equinus foot | horse ft-hindfoot is fixed in PF
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| Calcaneus foot | ft-fixed in DF.
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| Pes Cavus | abnormal high arch
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| Pes planus | flat foot. Medial longitud arch is gone.
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| Hammertoe | PIP is flexed, DIP is extended
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| Hallux rididus | 1st MTP joint degeneration. pain and diminshed ROM. All MTP joints are hyperextended
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| Mallet toe | extended PIP and flexed DIP joint
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| Claw toe | flexed PIP joint and flexed DIP
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| Metatarsalgia | pain around metarsal heads. Pt will say "walking on pebbles", fels bruise.
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| Morton's Neuroma | 3rd and 4th web space metatarsals. Abnormal presure on plantar digtal nerves. Pain and numbness worsens w activity.
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| Turf Toe | VERY PAINFUL. caused by forced hyperextension at the MTP joint of the great toe. Seen in football, baseball, or soccer players.
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| Ankle Sprains | Sprain-Ligament tear Lateral Lig-95% of sprains When foot is in PF and Inversion****
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| Lateral malleolus ankle Fracture | Most common ankle fx. usually involes twisting motion.
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| Bimalleolus Fx | Fx to both Mallelus
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| Trimalleolar Fx | both malleolus and posterior lip of the tibia Fx!
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| Achilles tendonitis | inflammation of the gastro-soleus tendon.
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| Ruptured Achiles tendon | A complete rupture pt has NO ability to PF ankle. Squeeze Gastro ms and if slight movement of Achillies tndon then not completely ruptured!
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| Triple Arthrodesis | a surgical procedure fusing the Talocan, calcaneocuboid, and talonavicular joints. Inversion&eversion motion of ankle r lost. BUT provides med-lateral stability and pain-relief at subtalar joint.
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