neuro6 CVA
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| Primary Risk Factors CVA | Hypertension,Heart disease, Diabetes mellitus, Cigarette smoking, Transient ischemic attacks
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| Secondary Risk Factors CVA | Obesity High ,cholesterol ,Behaviors related to hypertension, Physical inactivity, Increased alcohol consumption
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| Completed Stroke | A CVA that presents with total neurological deficits at the onset.
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| Stroke in Evolution | usually caused by a thrombus that gradually progresses. Total neurological deficits are not seen for one to two days after onset.
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| Ischemic Stroke | Once there is a loss of perfusion to a portion of the brain (within just seconds) there is a central area of irreversible infarction surrounded by an area of potential ischemia.
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| Embolic CVA | Associated with cardiovascular disease, an embolus may be a solid, liquid or gas, and can originate in any part of the body.
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| The embolus travels . | through the bloodstream to the cerebral arteries causing occlusion of a blood vessel and a resultant infarct
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| The middle cerebral artery is | most commonly affected by an embolus from the internal carotid arteries.
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| Due to the sudden onset of occlusion, | tissues distal to the infarct can sustain higher permanent damage than those of thrombotic infarcts.
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| An embolic CVA | occurs rapidly with no warning, and often presents with a headache.
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| Common cardiac disorders that can lead to embolism include | valvular disease (i.e., rheumatic mitral stenosis), ischemic heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias (i.e., atrial fibrillation), patent foramen ovale, cardiac tumors, and post cardiac catheterization.
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| Thrombotic CVA | An atherosclerotic plaque develops in an artery and eventually occludes the artery or a branching artery causing an infarct.
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| Thrombotic CVA is | extremely variable in onset where symptoms can appear in minutes or over several days.
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| A thrombotic CVA . | usually occurs during sleep or upon awakening, after a myocardial infarction or post-surgical procedure
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| Hemorrhagic CVA An abnormal bleeding | in the brain due to a rupture in blood supply. The infarct is due to disruption of oxygen to an area of the brain and compression from the accumulation of blood.
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| Hypertension is usually | a precipitating factor causing rupture of an aneurysm or arteriovenous malformation.
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| Trauma can also precipitate | hemorrhage and subsequent CVA.
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| Characteristics of a hemmoragic CVA include . | severe headache, vomiting, high blood pressure, and abrupt onset of symptoms
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| Hemorrhage usually occurs | during the day with symptoms evolving in relation to the speed of the bleed.
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| Approximately 50% of deaths from hemorrhagic stroke occur | within the first 48 hours.
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| transient ischemic attack | is usually linked to an atherosclerotic thrombosis. There is a temporary interruption of blood supply to an area. T
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| he effects of TIA may be similar to a CVA, but | symptoms resolve quickly. A TIA most often occurs in the carotid and vertebrobasilar arteries and may indicate future CVA.
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