Biology- chapter 31
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| which system coordinates the body's response to changes in its internal and external environment? | nervous system
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| which system enables you to understand words you read? | nervous system
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| the PNS collects info about changes in internal body temp using what structures? | nerves and supporting cells
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| how does info flow in the nervous system? | info is gathered, info is processed, and a response forms and is carried away by glands and muscles
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| what is the main function of the nervous system? | to process info and form a response
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| which division of the PNS transmits impulses from sense organs to the CNS? | sensory division
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| which division of the nervous system speeds up your heart rate? | autonomic
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| cells of the nervous system transmit electrical signals to various organs in the body called? | neurons
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| how are neurons classified? | by the direction in which they carry impulses
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| which neuron reminds you to get ready for school when you hear your alarm clock? | sensory neuron
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| which structure carries impulses to the body? | dendrite
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| which structure carries impulses away from the body? | axon
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| what begins when a neuron is stimulated by another neuron or stimulus? | an impulse
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| what is the function of neurotransmitters? | transmits nerve impulses across the synapses
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| when an impulse reaches the end of neuron, it triggers the release of? | neurotransmitters
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| what are the steps that describe what happens as an impulse travels in the correct order? | see study guide
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| how many pairs of spinal nerves branch out from the spinal cord connecting the brain to diff parts of the body? | 31
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| what part of the brain tells you you are hungry? | hypothalamus
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| which hemisphere is involved in writing using your right or left hand? | right hemisphere in the cerebrum
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| what part of the brain is being stimulated when drugs produce a sensation of feeling and well being? | limbic system
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| what is the most widely used legal drug? | alcohol
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| how does nicotine affect dopamine synapses? | it increases the release of dopamine
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| when exposed to addictive drugs, how does the brain react to excessive dopamine levels? | reduces the number of receptors for the neurotransmitters
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| name some drugs that impact the nervous system | nicotine, alcohol, cocaine
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| which sensory receptor responds to bright light causing you to squint in bright light? | photoreceptor
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| sensory receptors that are sensitive to chemical info from the environment | nose and taste buds
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| diff sensory receptors in the body respond to? | temperature
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| which receptors respond to a scraped knee? | pain receptors
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| which receptor is responsible for smell and taste? | chemoreceptor
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| when you swat a fly, which type of neuron stimulates your arm to move? | semicircular canal
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| when you move your finger to type a text message, you are using motor neurons of the? | somatic nervous system
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| which sense relies on the largest sense organ in the body? | touch
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| which organ does not have pain receptors? | the brain
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| what are the taste bud receptors? | salty, bitter, sweet, savory
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| what is the taste sensation called umami stimulated by? | monosodium glutamate
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| what structure in the ear causes dizziness? | semicircular canal
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| which structure sends impulses to your brain enabling you to stand on one foot? | semicircular canal
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| which structure in the ear produces pressure waves in the cochlea? | oval window
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| which structure in the ear contains tiny hairs that send nerve impulses to the brain, which processes them as sound? | cochlea
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| which sense is associated with rods and cones? | sight
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| through which structure does light first enter the eye? | cornea
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| which structure of the eye carries impulses to the brain? | optic brain
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| if the muscles in the iris are damaged, how is ones eyesight directly affected? | cannot regulate the amt of light that enters the eye
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| (sa) why are impulses always transmitted across the synapse in one direction? | because axons, not dendrites, release neurotransmitters
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| (sa) how is the spinal cord like a major telephone line? | the spinal cord is the main communication link between the brain and the rest of the body, transmitting info, just as a telephone line carries many calls at once
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| (sa) how does cocaine affect dopamine receptors in the brain? | causes dopamine to remain in the synapses for longer than normal
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| (sa) describe how 3 sensory receptors are activated at an amusement park | smells from food activate chemoreceptors, going on rides activates mechanoreceptors, photoreceptors are stimulated by the sunshine or flashing lights
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| (sa) why is the "knee jerk reflex" test important? | tests the operation of the reflex arc. provides info about the general condition of the spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and muscles.
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