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Geologic Evolution

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Question
Answer
This principle states that younger rocks lie above older rocks as long as the rock layers have not been disturbed.   Law of Superposition  
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Determining whether how old or young a rock layer is "relatively" to the rock layers around it.   Relative Dating  
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A surface that represents a missing part of a rock layer sequence.   Unconformity  
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Any method of measuring the age of an event or object in years.   Absolute Dating  
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The remains or physical evidence of an organism preserved by geologic processes.   Fossil  
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A scale that accounts for the Earth's entire history divided into distinct intervals of time.   Geologic Time  
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When molten rock from the Earth's Interior squeezes into existing rock and cools.   Intrusion  
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A crack or break in the Earth's crust.   Fault  
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When rock layers bend and buckle from Earth's internal forces.   Folding  
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When rock layers slant due to internal forces inside Earth.   Tilting  
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Fossils that are wide-spread, have distinct characteristics, and lived for a relatively short geologic time span.   Index fossil  
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The hypothesis that states that continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations.   Continental Drift  
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This process creates new oceanic lithosphere at mid-ocean ridges.   Seafloor Spreading  
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Where plate boundaries collide.   Convergent Boundaries  
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Where plate boundaries slide past each other horizontally.   Transform Boundary  
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The type of plate boundaries that exists where seafloor spreading occurs.   Divergent Boundary  
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Satellite systems used to measure plate tectonic activity.   GPS  
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The principle that states that past geologic processes which shape the Earth have been at work throughout Earth's history.   Uniformitarianism  
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The principle that states that all geologic change occurs suddenly.   Catastrophism  
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Any naturally preserved evidence of animal activity.   Trace Fossil  
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Death of every member of a species.   Extinction  
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Cylinders of ice that obtains trapped gases from the atmosphere and is used to study Earth's past climate.   Ice cores  
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