vocab
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| air mass | a large body of air covering hundreds or thousands of square kilometers that has reletively uniform temp., humidity, and pressure.
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| source region | a region with relatively uniform temp. and humidity where air masses form.
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| warm air mass | an air mass that is warmer than the surface on which it moves
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| cold air mass | an air mass that is colder than the surface on which it moves
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| stationary front | a zone of contact between two disimilar air masses when neither is advancing. It usually results in no change in weather for several days.
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| warm front | the advancing surface of a warm air mass as it pushes against and over a cooler air mass
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| cold front | the advancing surface of a cool air mass as it moves under a warm air mass
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| anticyclone | a circulation of winds around a central region of high atmospheric pressure
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| mountain breeze | a breeze that is blown down a mountain into the valley
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| waterspout | a tornado that occurs at sea
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| cyclone | a large-scale, atmospheric wind-and-pressure system characterized by low pressure at its center
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| storm surge | an abnormal rise in the level of the sea
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| squall line | a line or extended narrow region within which squalls or thunderstorms occur, often several hundred miles long.
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| occluded front | a composite front formed when a cold front overtakes a warm front and forces it aloft.
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| monsoon | any persistent wind established between water and adjoining land.
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| pressure gradient force | horrizontal force exterted on a mass of air that has a higher pressure on one side than on the other
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| geostrophic wind | a wind whose velocity and direction are mathematically defined by the balanced relationship of the pressure gradient force and the Coriolis force
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| jet stream | strong, generally westerly winds concentrated in a relatively narrow and shallow stream in the upper troposphere of the earth.
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| valley breeze | a breeze that blows up the mountain side from a valley
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| trade wind | any wind that blows in one regular course, or continually in the same direction.
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| hurricane | a strong , large area cyclonic storm strong fast wind speeds
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| eye | the circullar center of low pressure in a hurricane
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| lightning rod | a rodlike conductor installed to divert lightning away from a structure by providing a direct path to the ground.
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| land breeze | a coastal breeze blowing at night from land to sea, caused by the difference in the rate of cooling of their respective surfaces.
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| polar easterlies | winds blowing constantley from northeast to west east
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| forked lighting | lightning consisting of branches connected to the main stroke
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| tornado | a violent , narrow, rotating, funnel shaped local windstorm
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| doldrums | a belt of calms and light baffling winds
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| horse latitudes | edges of the trade-wind belt, characterized by high atmospheric pressure with calms and light variable winds.
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| subpolar low | a prevailing low pressure belt at approximetly 60 degrees north or south latitude
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| polar high | an area of high atmoshperic pressure
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| thunderstorm | a transient storm of lightning and thunder, usually with rain and gusty winds, sometimes with hail or snow, produced by cumulonimbus clouds.
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| thunderhead | the upper portion of a cumulus cloud characterized by dense, sharply defined, cauliflowerlike upper parts and sometimes by great verticality.
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| lighting | a brilliant electric spark discharge in the atmosphere,
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| stepped leader | prior to a lightning stroke, a zig zag colum of highly ionized air
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| return stroke | a faint discharge of blue light from the top of a thunderstorm cloud that propagates upward
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| typhoone | what hurricanes are called in the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean regions
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| storm swell | the larger than normal surface waves
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| sea breeze | a thermally produced wind blowing from a cool ocean surface onto adjoining warm land.
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| prevailing westerlies | The west-to-east winds that occur in the temperate zones of the Earth.
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Created by:
Alexandria Simmons
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