Circulatory System (Updated)
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| cause the cyclic contraction of the heart muscles. | Electrical impulses originating in the heart
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| The movement of the electrical impulse in the heart can be used | to detect abnormal activity or disease.
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| The smallest branches of arteries are called | arterioles.
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| Capillaries have thin walls containing | only one layer of cells.
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| allow oxygen and nutrients to pass through to body cells. | Capillaries
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| blood proteins necessary for the clotting of blood. | Fibrinogen and prothrombin
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| carries both oxygen and carbon dioxide. | Hemoglobin
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| a result of injury to or destruction of the bone marrow | Aplastic anemia
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| a foreign substance circulating in the bloodstream. | embolus
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| A common symptom of a myocardial infarction is | a severe, crushing pain that radiates to the arm, neck, and jaw.
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| a chronic, inherited anemia that occurs almost exclusively among African Americans. | Sickle cell anemia
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| abnormal heart rhythms that can be mild to life threatening. | Arrhythmias are
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| may be used to remove or compress deposits in arteries, or to insert a stent to allow blood flow. | Angioplasty
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| If not treated, it can cause permanent damage to the heart, blood vessels, and kidneys. | hypertension
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| The muscle layer of the heart is the | myocardium
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| The chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood as it returns from body cells | right atrium
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| The chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood as it returns from the lungs is the | left atrium
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| The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle that prevents blood from flowing back into the right atrium is the | tricuspid valve
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| The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle that prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium is the | mitral valve
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| The blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are the | arteries
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| blood vessels that contain valves to prevent blood from flowing in a backward direction are the | veins
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| The blood vessels that are more muscular and elastic than are the other blood vessels are the | arteries
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| 2 to 4 quarts 4 to 6 quarts | 4 to 6 quarts
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| The largest artery in the body is the | aorta
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| Which of the following blood proteins does not aid in clotting? | hemoglobin
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| The blood cells that contain hemoglobin are the | erythrocytes
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| The number of erythrocytes in one cubic millimeter of blood is | 4.5 to 6 million
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| The bright red color of blood indicates | hemoglobin-carrying oxygen
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| The blood cells that fight infection are the | leukocytes
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| The blood cells that fight infection are the | leukocytes
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| A normal thrombocyte count per cubic millimeter of blood is | 250,000 to 400,000
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| lack a nucleus, vary in shape and size, required for the clotting process | Thrombocytes
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| An inherited disease that occurs almost exclusively in males and in which the blood is unable to clot | hemophilia
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| An inflammation of a vein with the formation of a clot is | thrombophlebitis
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| The leukocytes that provide immunity for the body by developing antibodies and protect against the formation of cancer cells are | lymphocytes
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| Dilated, swollen veins that have lost elasticity and cause stasis, or decreased blood flow, are called | varicose
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| race, smoking and obesity | increases the incidence of hypertension
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| things that blood transports through the body | oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients (vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins, mineral salts or electrolytes), metabolic and waste products, heat, hormones
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| occurs when fatty plaques are deposited on the walls of arteries | atherosclerosis
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| treatments used to control hypertension | anti-hypertensive drugs, diuretics, limited stress, avoidance of tobacco, low-sodium and/or low-fat diet
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