Neonates Posttest chapter 1-10 review
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| At what stage of embryologic development does the ovum enter the uterus? | show 🗑
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| show | endoderm
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| show | 24 days
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| show | pseudoglandular
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| show | the tendency of a liquid surface to contract inward. Like molecules attract each other and pull together
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| What is found in the amniotic fluid that is the best indicator of fetal lung maturity? | show 🗑
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| show | Maternal preeclampsia
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| Lung fluid characteristics of a fetus… | show 🗑
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| show | TTN
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| The heart develops from which germ layer(s)? | show 🗑
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| show | The pulmonary artery, The aorta
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| show | From the right atrium to left atrium
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| The ductus arteriosus shunts blood from: | show 🗑
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| show | stretch receptors
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| show | Chorionic villi
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| Identify the umbilical vein(s): | show 🗑
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| Polyhydramnios is defined as: | show 🗑
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| show | Hydrocephalus. Esophageal atresia, Down syndrome, Cleft palate
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| Assessment of the fetus in the first trimester is facilitated by what technique? | show 🗑
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| show | Presence of infection
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| show | Position of the fetus, Position of the placenta, Volume of amniotic fluid
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| A high level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) found during amniocentesis indicates: | show 🗑
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| What test done on amniotic fluid is used to help determine fetal kidney maturity? | show 🗑
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| show | Uterine contractions, Rupture of the amniotic sac, Compression of the umbilical cord, Bradycardia secondary to a vagal stimulus
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| The most accurate method of measuring fetal heart rate is: | show 🗑
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| show | asphyxia
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| show | Compression of the umbilical cord
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| show | 7.25
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| A woman presents in her physician’s office for an examination. The first day of her last menstrual period was October 21. Fundal height is 25 cm. What would be the estimated date of delivery? | show 🗑
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| show | 25 weeks
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| A fetus suffering prolonged hypoxia will demonstrate: | show 🗑
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| Give some true statements regarding fetal movements? | show 🗑
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| show | Nonstress test, Fetal movement, Amniotic fluid volume
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| What involves removal of a fetal blood sample while still in utero? | show 🗑
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| When measuring maternal estriol levels, fetal distress is indicated when: | show 🗑
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| show | Previous miscarriage, Previous premature delivery, Maternal obesity
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| What are the five events that make up the birth process? | show 🗑
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| At a dilatation of 5 cm, the cervix is: | show 🗑
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| The most common fetal presentation is: | show 🗑
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| The head is said to be engaged in the birth canal when a station of___is reached. | show 🗑
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| show | 2 hours
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| What drugs are used as a tocolytic? | show 🗑
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| show | Breech presentation, Cephalopelvic disproportion, Uterine dysfunction
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| Vaginal delivery of the fetus is nearly impossible in _______ position? | show 🗑
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| A complete coverage of the cervical opening by the placenta is called: | show 🗑
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| Substantial separation of the placenta from the uterus w/ no visible bleeding is called: | show 🗑
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| show | Fetal distress, Cephalopelvic disproportion, Severe maternal preeclampsia
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| show | An increased incidence of: Premature labor, Congenital abnormalities, Bacterial infections, Hypoglycemia
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| The most powerful influence on the initial breath is: | show 🗑
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| show | Establishment of the FRC
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| Clamping of the umbilical cord results in: | show 🗑
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| show | Left heart pressure exceeds right heart pressure
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| What are some anatomic and physiologic differences between adults and infants? | show 🗑
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| show | Ear recoil, sole creases, skin appearance, and presence of lanugo.
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| Upon examination of newborn, you find thick vernix covering the infant, gelatinous translucent skin, thick lanugo over the body, faint red lines on the soles of the feet, flat areola w/ no bud, slow ear recoil, a male genitalia that shows no scrotal ruga | show 🗑
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| What is done during the quiet examination? | show 🗑
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| Increased ICP is indicated when: | show 🗑
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| show | May be from an allergy, virus or foreign body aspiration
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| When assessing a pediatric pt, you discover that the pt has a rapid bounding pulse, confusion, and muscular twitching. What is suspected? | show 🗑
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| show | Diagnosis of lung disorders, Follow the natural history of lung diseases and/or lung growth, Evaluation of therapeutic responses, Prediction of subsequent dysfunction.
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| Why are some results due to inaccurate pleural pressure readings when an esophageal balloon is used? | show 🗑
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| show | Boyle’s law: P x V – P1 x V1
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| show | Cooperation and maturity of the pt.
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| show | Asthma, Atelectasis, Cystic fibrosis, Prolonged bed rest, Ventilator care
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| To ensure maximum effectiveness, PEP should be followed by what technique? | show 🗑
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| What is part of traditional CPT? | show 🗑
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| What modality of aerosolized medication requires the least amount of pt coordination? | show 🗑
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| show | Decreased breath sounds; decreased chest expansion; presence of wheezes and retractions; increased respiratory rate; nasal flaring; grunting; increasing ventilatory pressures; increasing FiO2 requirements and an increasing PaCO2.
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| One advantage to the mainstream nebulizer is that: | show 🗑
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| show | Overheating of the circuit when the nebulizer is removed
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| What could be considered hazards of aerosol drug therapy? | show 🗑
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| show | Fixed drug concentrations
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| The greatest hazard associated w/ the aerosolization of Ribavirin into a ventilator circuit is: | show 🗑
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| show | Stop the procedure, hyperoxygenate the pt, and shorten the duration of suction w/ subsequent attempts.
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| show | hypoxemia
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| show |
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| The type of flowmeter often found on cylinder regulators is the: | show 🗑
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| A bubble humidifier is best used w/ what type of oxygen administration device? | show 🗑
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| show | Simple mask at 6 L/min
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| show | 36-36.5 oC (Dottie says it is 36.5-37)
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| What is involved in nonshivering themogenesis? | show 🗑
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| show | Large body surface area, Decreased amount of subcutaneous fat, Thin skin, Preemies have a lower thermoneutral environmental temperature ,And a reduced ability to intake calories.
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| show | Convection
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| show | Peripheral vasoconstriction
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| Radiant heat loss following delivery can be minimized by: | show 🗑
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| show | Ease of pt access
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| show | Hiccoughs
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| An important part of environmental control is: | show 🗑
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| show | Use pectin-based adhesives between the skin and tape, Use Coban wraps to hold TCMs on the skin
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| What may cause abnormalities of fluid and electrolyte balance in neonates? | show 🗑
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| show | 3 months
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| show | Delayed contraction of the ECF
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| Sodium and water balance are primarily affected by: | show 🗑
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| What would indicate a fluid deficit in a neonate? | show 🗑
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| show | The presence of RDS
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| A pt w/ a diminished clotting mechanism would possibly have an imbalance in which electrolyte? | show 🗑
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| show | hypocalcemia
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| show | Start phototherapy
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| The initial sign of NEC is: | show 🗑
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| Drug transfer across the placenta is affected by what? | show 🗑
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| Teratogenic drugs generally have their greatest effect during: | show 🗑
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| A lipid-soluble drug has what characteristics? | show 🗑
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| What are types of biochemical reactions of drug metabolism in the liver? | show 🗑
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| Antibiotics, which is considered to be bateriostatic? | show 🗑
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| show | Digoxin
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| show | Adenosine
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| show | Dopamine
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| show | Albuterol
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| show | Caffeine
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| show | Stabilizes cell membranes, inhibits macrophage accumulation, and promotes gluconeogenesis
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| The drug that inhibits mast cell degranulation is: | show 🗑
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| What would be the drug of choice in sedating a neonate following surgery? | show 🗑
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| Restlessness, irritability, tremors, high-pitched cry and vomiting are all signs of: | show 🗑
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| What would be an indication for obtaining a blood gas sample? | show 🗑
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| show | Umbilical artery, radial artery, and capillary
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| In the presence of right-to-left shunting of blood through the ductus arteriosus, arterial blood from the UAC would show: | show 🗑
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| show | Umbilical artery
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| show | Consistency in the technique
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| show | The pressure of oxygen dissolved in plasma
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| Define alveolar ventilations? | show 🗑
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| show | PaCO2 decreases, Alveolar ventilation increases
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| show | 20:1
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| show | 0.1 mEq/L
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| Carbonic acid is formed by a combination of: | show 🗑
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| show | Diminished PaO2
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| show | Increase the perfusion to the area
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| show | Shock, severe acidosis, skin edema, severe anemia
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| The greatest hazard associated w/ transcutaneous monitors is: | show 🗑
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| What would cause erroneous pulse oximetry readings? | show 🗑
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| show | Accidental extubation
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| show | Deadspace ventilation
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| An increasing PetCO2 may indicate: | show 🗑
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| The underlying etiology of RDS is: | show 🗑
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| show | DIC, Intraventricular hemorrhage, Infection and PDA
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| show | BPD
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| show | HFV, Theophylline, diuretic
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| The radiographic picture of Wilson-Mikity syndrome appears similar to: | show 🗑
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| show | Necrosis of retinal vessels
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| show | Cautious use of oxygen
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| show | Germinal matrix
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| show | Grade II IVH
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| show | bradycardia
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| show | asphyxia
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| show | Thick meconium is present in the amniotic fluid
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| A ventilator pt’s status suddenly worsens w/ bradycardia, cyanosis, retractions, and apnea. The immediate reaction of the respiratory care practitioner would be: | show 🗑
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| show | Low ventilatory pressures
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| show | The Hyperoxia-hyperventilation test
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| What is a risk of treating PPHN w/ NO? | show 🗑
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| What are indicative of TTN? | show 🗑
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| What are some causes of central apnea? | show 🗑
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| What drugs would be used to tx central apnea? | show 🗑
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| While performing an initial assessment on a newborn infant, the respiratory care practitioner notices that the entire body is blanched and pale w/ a rapid heart rate. This is most consistent w/: | show 🗑
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| A history given for her first prenatal examination reveals the following info: 23 years old, Unwed, Lives on low-income housing, Native American. What factors would be considered a high-risk factor? | show 🗑
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| show | Decreased chest expansion, Wheezes, Increasing ventilator pressures
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| 12 year old pt has been hospitalized for 4 weeks for tx of head injury. The pt received tracheostomy 24 hours previously. The following information is available: Retractions, Auscultation reveals Coarse rhonchi. What would be the most appropriate action? | show 🗑
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| A transcutaneous PO2 monitor is being used on a 32-week neonate. The RCP notes that the TcPO2 is consistently lower than the actual PaO2 and the monitor does not trend w/ PaO2. What may be the cause(s) of this inconsistency? | show 🗑
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| What is the minimal liter flow used w/ an oxyhood to reduce the possibility of CO2 retention? | show 🗑
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| show | Fentanyl
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| While visually inspecting a 41-week neonate, the RCP notices that although the pt’s body is pink, the hands and feet are blue in appearance. This phenomenon is known as: | show 🗑
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| Palpation of the brachial pulses in a 2-day-old neonate show them to be strong and equal while the femoral pulses appear to be of a decreased force. The most likely cause of this is: | show 🗑
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| What would be considered a normal systolic blood pressure for a 1000 g neonate? | show 🗑
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| A 35-week old neonate is brought from the delivery room to the NICU for resuscitation. The RCP notes that the pt is in extreme respiratory distress w/ unequal chest excursion and a scaphoid abdomen. The most likely diagnosis: | show 🗑
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| A 3-week-old term infant is admitted to the pediatric unit for the tx of croup. The suction regulator is still in the room form the previous pediatric pt w/ the regulator set at -75 mmHg of pressure. The RCP should: | show 🗑
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| The presence of _____ would indicate the least likelihood of a neonate developing RDS? | show 🗑
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| show | RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)
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| show | Silverman-Anderson Index
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| The RCP would recommend chest physiotherapy for what specific reasons? | show 🗑
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| What are some hazards of oxygen use in a newborn? | show 🗑
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| While suctioning a 38-week mechanically ventilated infant, the pt’s HR drops to 85 beats/min. What is/are the most probable causes of this drop in HR? | show 🗑
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| show | The practitioner is using an older incubator and must lift the arm w/ the attached red flag.
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| show | Ipratropium bromide
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| A neonatal pt w/ Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia is receiving oxygen via a cannula. The pt has had 3 episodes of epistaxis in the last 24 hours. What is the most likely cause? | show 🗑
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| While using a sidestream type of end-tidal CO2 monitor on a 10yr-old near-drowning pt being mechanically vented, the RCP notes the analyzer fluctuates severely and oftentimes reads zero. What is the most probable cause of this problem? | show 🗑
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| While performing CPT on a 31-week neonate, the RCP observes that the pt requires an increase in the FiO2 0.30 above the starting level. The most appropriate response would be to: | show 🗑
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| While working on a 28-week neonate in a radiant warmer, the RCP notes that the low temperature alarm activates. The radiant heater is on and the pt’s temperature is normal when measured rectally. What is the most likely cause of the alarm? | show 🗑
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| show | Right radial artery
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| ABG is obtained after placing 39-week newborn in oxygen hood at FiO2 of 0.35, a flow of 5 L/min. Pt has history of TTN, w/ subnormal PaCO2 levels: pH 7.32, PaCO2 48 torr, PaCO2 68 torr, HCO3 24 mEq/L. What is most appropriate initial action? | show 🗑
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| The “classic method” of measuring lung compliance and airway resistance on a neonate utilizes what, to estimate pleural pressure? | show 🗑
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| A 10-year-old pt is admitted to the ICU w/ a history of head injury following an automobile accident. The physician asks that the pt’s PaCO2 be maintained at a level of 25 torr and that it be closely monitored. What is the BEST recommendation? | show 🗑
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| show | Perform a sleep study
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| show | Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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| show | Subcutaneous emphysema
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| A 5-year-old pt w/ asthma is admitted to the hospital for tx. The pt is ordered on CPT QID. What is the goal of the therapy on this pt? | show 🗑
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| Type 1, or early fetal heart decelerations, are the result of: | show 🗑
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| 3 yr old pt admitted to ED w/ SOB. RCP notes the pt has retractions, diffuse bilateral wheezing, and an increased respiratory rate. The physician orders a medication nebulizer w/ Cromolyn sodium and normal saline. What is the most appropriate action? | show 🗑
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| show | Oxygen cannula w/ a bubble humidifier
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| show | Hyperoxia-hyperventilation test
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| show | The oxygen flow is too low
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| show | Capillary blood gas
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| show | Interviewing the parents
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| show | Bradycardia, Respiratory depression, Hypotension
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| At flows of 6 to 15 L/minute, a non-rebreathing mask can deliver an FiO2 of: | show 🗑
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| While observing a 39-week neonate, the RCP notices that the left arm does not move while the other extremities are actively moving. What is the most probable cause of this lack of movement? | show 🗑
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| show | Initiate the pt on a nasal cannula.
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| Following intubation and the initiation of mechanical ventilation on a 30-week neonate, the RCP receives an order to initiate CPT. What would be appropriate methods of performing the therapy? | show 🗑
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| 6 yr-old male admitted to ED w/ HX of headache/nausea. Pulse ox shows SPO2 of 95% on a NC at 3 L/min. ABG results: pH 7.30, PaCO2 48 , PaO2 54 , HCO3 22 mEq/L, SPO2 86%. What is most probable cause of difference between pulse Ox and co-ox reading? | show 🗑
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| show | Allen’s
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| show | Right side pneumothorax
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| show | Racemic epinephrine
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| show | The analyzer is being affected by the humidity.
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| An arterial blood gas analysis would be indicated for: | show 🗑
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| show | SPAG
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| show | Auscultate breath sounds
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| What is the drug of choice for a neonate diagnosed w/ transposition of the great vessels? | show 🗑
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