Land and Water
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| condensation | the process by which a gas changes into a liquid; water vapor becomes liquid water
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| precipitation | any form of water that falls from clouds such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail evaporation the process by which a liquid changes into a gas; liquid water turns into water vapor
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| water cycle | cycle in which Earth’s water moves through the environment; the process by which water moves through the ground, evaporates from earth into the air, forms clouds, and falls back to earth as rain or snow
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| water vapor | water in its gaseous state (invisible)
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| surface water | water that stays on the earth’s surface rather than sinks into the soil
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| meander | a large bend in a stream channel that develops when soil is eroded from one bank and deposited on another
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| aquifer | a layer of underground rock or sediment that contains water
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| flood | overflow of a body of water beyond its banks or shore
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| ground water | water that has soaked into the soil (fills in cracks and spaces in underground soil and rock layers)
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| drought | a long period of dry weather
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| flow | the amount of water or water-saturated material that passes a channel point in a given amount of time
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| wastewater | water that has been used
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| oxbow lake | a lake that forms when a river breaks through the neck of a meander and moves straight onward
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| irrigation | the process by which humans supply water to land by artificial means, such as pipes
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| reservoir | a place where large amounts of water are stored for future use (may be natural or man-made)
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| sediment | soil components that have been eroded and deposited by moving water, wind, or ice
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| flood plain | the land surrounding rivers that is covered by water during a flood, formed from sediments deposited by a river
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| levee | a bank along a stream or river that is intended to prevent flooding (may be natural or man-made)
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| deposition | the process by which water or a glacier lays down earth materials
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| watershed | an area of land that is drained by a stream or river and its branches (also called a drainage basin)
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| erosion | the process by which earth materials are broken down and moved from place to place (caused by water, wind, or ice)
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| ground cover | trees, shrubs, grasses, plants, and decayed plant material
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| load | something carried; for example, the sediment carried by a stream or river
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| compaction | the process by which soil particles pack together
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| ecosystem | a community that includes all the living and nonliving things found in a certain area
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| landforms | the features of earth’s surface, such as mountains, plateaus, and plains
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| canyon | a deep, narrow river valley with steep slopes
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| hanging glacier | a glacier that has broken off from a main glacier
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| crevasse | a deep crack in a glacier
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| iceberg | a large piece of ice that has broken off a glacier and has moved into the water
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| horn | a sharp mountain peak
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| valley glacier | a glacier that forms in the V-shaped valley formed by a river
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| cirque | a bowl-shaped hole in a mountain that has been carved out by a glacier
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| glacier | a huge mass of ice that moves very slowly over land
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| topographic map | a map that shows the shape of the earth’s surface by using contour lines (shows elevation and geographical features of land)
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| contour lines | lines that represent imaginary lines on earth that show elevation
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| aerial drawing | a drawing or picture of earth as viewed from above
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| divide | an imaginary line, usually along a ridge of land, that separates the drainage of two streams
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| altitude | the height of a thing above a reference level, especially above sea level or above the earth's surface
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| delta | an area of land where a stream drops sediment and other materials as it empties into the sea or another large body of water; often triangle-shaped
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| landforms | the features of earth’s surface, such as mountains, plateaus, and plains
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| fog | very fine droplets of water suspended in the air at or near the surface of the earth (clouds that form at ground level)
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| Soil | the top layer of earth; composed of organic materials (humus), inorganic materials (sand, silt,and clay), water, and air
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| weathering | the process by which earth materials are broken down by natural forces (such as water, wind, ice, animals, or chemicals)
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| moraine | an accumulation of rocks and other earth materials that are deposited by the sides or end of a glacier
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