Medical Terminology for Health Professions
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| show | skeletal system
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| the form of connective tissue that is the second hardest tissue in the human body | show 🗑
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| what is harder than bone? | show 🗑
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| show | periosteum
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| show | peri-
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| show | oste/o
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| show | compact bone
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| lighter, and not as strong, as compact bone; this type of bone is commonly found in the ends and inner portions of long bones such as the femur. | show 🗑
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| what type of bone marrow is located within spongy bone? | show 🗑
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| show | medullary cavity
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| means pertaining to the inner section | show 🗑
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| show | RED bone marrow
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| means pertaining to the formation of blood cells | show 🗑
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| show | hem/o
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| show | -poietic
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| show | YELLOW bone marrow
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| the smooth, rubbery, blue-white connective tissue that acts as a shock absorber between bones | show 🗑
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| true or false: cartilage is more elastic than bone | show 🗑
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| show | cartilage
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| show | articular cartilage
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| show | articular cartilage
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| show | meniscus
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| the shaft of a long bone | show 🗑
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| covered with articular cartilage, is the wide end of a long bone | show 🗑
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| show | proximal
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| show | distal epiphysis
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| an opening in a bone through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass | show 🗑
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| a normal projection on the surface of a bone that serves as an attachment for muscles and tendons | show 🗑
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| show | joints
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| show | joints
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| show | fibrous joints
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| fibrous joints, consisting of inflexible layers of dense connective tissue, hold the bones tightly together; in ADULTS these joints are known as what? and do not allow any movement. | show 🗑
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| show | fontanelles
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| show | cartilaginous joints
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| what is this an example of? where the ribs connect to the sternum | show 🗑
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| show | pubic symphysis
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| show | synovial joint
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| allow a wide range of movement in many directions, such as the hips and shoulders | show 🗑
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| synovial joints that allow movement primarily in one direction or plane, such as the knees and elbows | show 🗑
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| show | synovial joints
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| show | synovial capsule
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| show | synovial membrane
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| flows within the synovial cavity, acts as a lubricant to make the smooth movement of the joint possible | show 🗑
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| show | ligaments
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| show | bursa
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| protects the major organs of the nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems | show 🗑
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| show | appendicular skeleton
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| anything that is attached to a major part of the body | show 🗑
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| show | skull
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| made up of the following eight bones, is the portion of the skull that encloses the brain | show 🗑
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| means skull | show 🗑
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| show | auditory ossicles
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| the bony structure that protects the heart and lungs, also known as the rib cage; consists of the ribs, sternum, and upper portion of the spinal column extending from the neck to the diaphragm, not including the arms | show 🗑
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| show | ribs
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| show | true ribs
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| show | false ribs
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| the last two pairs of ribs; only attached posteriorly | show 🗑
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| forms the middle of the front of the rib cage and is divided into three parts, also known as the breastbone | show 🗑
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| show | pectoral girdle
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| means a structure that encircles the body | show 🗑
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| a slender bone that connects the manubrium of the sternum to the scapula, also known as the collar bone | show 🗑
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| also known as the shoulder blade | show 🗑
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| an extension of the scapula that forms the high point of teh shoulder | show 🗑
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| the bone of the upper arm | show 🗑
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| the smaller and shorter bone in the forearm; the _____ runs up the THUMB side of the forearm | show 🗑
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| show | ulna
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| show | olecranon process
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| show | carpals
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| the five bones that form the palms of the hand | show 🗑
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| the 14 bones of the fingers; the toes are also called this | show 🗑
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| supports the head and body, and protects the spinal cord, also known as the vertebral column; this structure consists of 26 vertebrae | show 🗑
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| show | vertebrae
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| show | body of the vertebra
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| show | lamina
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| show | vertebral foramen
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| show | cervical vertebrae
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| means pertaining to the neck | show 🗑
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| make up the second set of 12 vertebrae; they form the outward curve of the spine and are known as T1 through T12 | show 🗑
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| means pertaining to the thoracic cavity | show 🗑
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| show | lumbar vertebrae
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| means relating to the part of the back and sides between teh ribs and the pelvis | show 🗑
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| slightly curved, triangular-shaped bone near the base of the spine that forms the lower portion of the back | show 🗑
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| show | coccyx
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| show | intervertebral disks
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| protects internal organs and supports the lower extremities, also known as the pelvis or hips | show 🗑
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| the broad blade-shaped bone that forms the back and sides of the pubic bone | show 🗑
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| show | sacroiliac
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| means sacrum | show 🗑
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| means ilium | show 🗑
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| forms the lower posterior portion of the pubic bone, bears the weight of the body when sitting | show 🗑
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| forms the anterior portion of the pubic bone, located just below the urinary bladder | show 🗑
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| the ilEum, ischium, and pubis are separate at birth; however, they fuse to form the left and right _____ bones. These bones are held securely together by the pubic symphysis | show 🗑
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| show | acetabulum
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| show | femur
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| the complex joints that make possible movement between the upper and lower leg | show 🗑
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| the body anterior portion of the knee, also known as the kneecap | show 🗑
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| show | popliteal
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| make possible the movements of the knee; known as the anterior and posterior _____ ______ because they are shaped like a cross | show 🗑
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| the lower leg is made of 2 bones... what are they? | show 🗑
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| show | tibia
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| the smaller of the two bones of the lower leg | show 🗑
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| show | malleolus
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| form the joint between the lower leg and the foot, are each made up of seven short tarsal bones | show 🗑
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| these bones are similar to the bones of the wrist, but are larger in size | show 🗑
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| show | talus
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| show | calcaneus
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| form that part of the foot to which the toes are attached | show 🗑
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| holds a Doctor of Chiropractic degree and specializes in the manipulative treatment of disorders origination form misalignment of the spine | show 🗑
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| show | orthopedic surgeon, also known as an orthopedist
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| holds a Doctor of Osteopathy (DO) degree and uses traditional forms of medical treatment in addition to specializing in treating health problems by spinal manipulation | show 🗑
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| oste/o | show 🗑
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| show | means disease
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| show | podiatrist
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| pod | show 🗑
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| show | means specialist
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| the loss, or absence, of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or a surgical procedure | show 🗑
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| show | ankyl
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| show | arthrosclerosis
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| an inflammation of a bursa | show 🗑
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| show | chondromalacia
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| a slow-growing benign tumor derived from cartilage cells | show 🗑
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| an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum | show 🗑
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| show | cost/o
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| means cartilage | show 🗑
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| show | hallux valgus
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| show | hemarthrosis
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| show | synovitis
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| show | synov
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| the total displacement of a bone from its joint, also known as luxation | show 🗑
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| show | subluxation
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| show | arthritis
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| show | osteoarthritis
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| degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function, also known as spinal osteoarthritis | show 🗑
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| show | vertebrae
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| a type of arthritis characterized by deposits or uric acid in the joints, also known as gout | show 🗑
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| is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked, commonly known by its abbreviation RA | show 🗑
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| a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae | show 🗑
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| show | juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
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| the breaking apart of an intervertebral disk that results in pressure on spinal nerve roots, also known as a slipped or ruptured disk | show 🗑
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| show | lumbago
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| show | -ago
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| show | spondylolisthesis
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| -listhesis means what? | show 🗑
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| a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it | show 🗑
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| show | bifida
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| an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side; also known as humpback or dowager's hump | show 🗑
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| means hump | show 🗑
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| an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine; also known as swayback | show 🗑
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| show | lord
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| show | scoliosis
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| means curved | show 🗑
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| show | craniostenosis
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| crani/o means what? | show 🗑
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| a bone disorder of unknown cause that destroys normal bone structure and replaces it with fibrosis (scar-like) tissue; this leads to uneven growth, brittleness, and deformity of the affected bones | show 🗑
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| show | ostealgia
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| an inflammation of bone | show 🗑
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| abnormal softening of bones in adults, also known as adult rickets; this condition is usually caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, and/or phosphate | show 🗑
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| show | osteomyelitis
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| show | osteonecrosis
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| show | Paget's disease, also known as osteitis deformans
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| show | periostitis
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| show | peri-
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| show | rickets
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| show | short stature, formerly known as dwarfism
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| show | talipes
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| show | primary bone cancer
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| show | malignant
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| show | secondary bone cancer
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| show | myeloma
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| show | osteochondroma
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| means something that is not life-threatening and does not recur | show 🗑
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| a marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging | show 🗑
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| means small opening | show 🗑
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| show | osteopenia
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| means deficiency | show 🗑
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| show | osteoporosis
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| occurs when the bone is pressed together (compressed) on itself; these fractures are sometimes caused by the spontaneous collapse of weakened vertebrae or can be due to an injury; also known as a vertebral crush fracture | show 🗑
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| show | Colles' fracture, also known as a fractured wrist
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| show | osteoporotic hip fracture
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| described in terms of its complexity, a broken bone | show 🗑
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| one in which the bone is broken, but there is no open wound in the skin; also known as a simple fracture or a complete fracture | show 🗑
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| show | open fracture
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| show | comminuted fracture
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| show | comminuted
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| show | greenstick fracture or incomplete fracture
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| show | oblique fracture
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| show | pathologic fracture
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| a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart; this type of fracture occurs as the result of a severe twisting motion such as in a sports injury | show 🗑
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| show | stress fracture
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| occurs straight across the bone | show 🗑
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| can form when a long bone is fractured and fat cells from yellow bone marrow are released into the blood | show 🗑
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| any foreign matter circulating in the blood that can become lodged and block the blood vessel | show 🗑
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| show | crepitation, also known as crepitus
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| show | callus
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| a _______ is also a thickening of the skin caused by repeated rubbing | show 🗑
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| show | radiograph
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| the visual examination of the internal structure of a joint | show 🗑
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| a diagnostic test that may be necessary after abnormal types or numbers of red or white blood cells are found in a complete blood count test | show 🗑
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| the use of a syringe to withdraw the liquid bone marrow; this procedure is used to obtain tissue for diagnostic purposes or to collect bone marrow for medical procedures such as stem cell transplantation | show 🗑
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| is used to image soft tissue structures such as the interior of complex joints; it is not the most effective method of imaging hard tissues such as bone | show 🗑
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| show | bone density testing
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| show | dual x-ray absorptiometry
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| show | bone marrow transplant (BMT)
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| uses healthy bone marrow cells from a compatible donor, often a sibling; however, unless this is a perfect match, there is the danger that the recipient's body will reject the transplant | show 🗑
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| show | allogenic
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| the patient receives his own bone marrow cells which have been harvested, cleansed, treated, and then stored before remaining bone marrow is destroyed | show 🗑
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| means originating within an individual | show 🗑
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| a mechanical appliance, such as a leg brace or splint, that is specially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function | show 🗑
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| a substitute for a diseased or missing body part, such as a leg that has been amputated | show 🗑
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| the surgical fusion (joining together) of two bones to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle, elbow, or shoulder; this procedure is performed to treat severe arthritis or a damaged joint; also known as surgical ankylosis | show 🗑
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| show | surgical fixation of bone or joint
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| the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint | show 🗑
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| means loosening or setting free | show 🗑
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| show | arthroscopic surgery
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| the surgical removal of a bursa | show 🗑
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| the surgical repair of damaged cartilage | show 🗑
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| the surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint; one use of this procedure, which can be performed endoscopically, is to repair joint damage caused by rheumatoid arthritis | show 🗑
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| show | arthroplasty
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| show | total knee replacement (TKR), also known as a total knee arthroplasty
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| show | partial knee replacement (PKR)
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| show | total hip replacement (THR), also known as a total hip arthroplasty
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| show | bone-conserving hip resurfacing
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| show | revision surgery
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| performed to treat a herniated intervertebral disk; in this procedure, a tin tube is inserted through the skin of the back to suction out the ruptured disk or to vaporize it with a laser | show 🗑
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| show | percutaneous
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| performed to treat osteoporosis-related compression fractures; in this minimally invasive procedure, bone cement is injected to stabilize compression fractures within the spinal column | show 🗑
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| show | vertebr/o
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| the surgical removal of a lamina, or posterior portion, of a vertebra | show 🗑
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| show | lamina
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| a technique to immobilize part of the spine by joining together (fusing) two or more vertebrae | show 🗑
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| the surgical removal of a portion of the skull; this procedure is performed to treat intracranial pressure due to swelling of the brain | show 🗑
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| show | intracranial pressure
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| show | craniotomy
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| -otomy | show 🗑
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| show | cranioplasty
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| show | osteoclasis
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| means to break | show 🗑
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| the surgical removal of bone | show 🗑
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| show | osteoplasty
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| show | osteorrhaphy
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| show | osteotomy
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| an incision through the periosteum to the bone | show 🗑
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| show | closed reduction, also known as manipulation
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| the act of holding, suturing, or fastening the bone is a fixed position with strapping or a cast | show 🗑
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| a pulling force exerted on a limb in a distal direction in an effort to return the bone or joint to normal alignment | show 🗑
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| a fracture treatment procedure in which pins are placed through the soft tissues and bone so that an external appliance can be used to hold the pieces of bone firmly in place during healing; when healing is complete, the appliance is removed | show 🗑
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| show | internal fixation, also known as open reduction internal fixation
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| forms the forehead | show 🗑
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| show | parietal bones
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| show | occipital bone
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| show | sphenoid bone
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| show | ethmoid bone
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| show | external auditory meatus
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| show | meatus
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| show | nasal bones; two of them
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| show | zygomatic bones
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| show | maxillary bones
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| show | palatine bones
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| make up part of the orbit at the inner angle of the eye; two of them | show 🗑
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| thin, scroll-like bones that form part of the interior of the nose; two of them | show 🗑
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| show | vomer bone
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| show | mandible
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| the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum | show 🗑
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| the bony structure that forms the middle portion of the sternum | show 🗑
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| show | xiphoid process
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