Phlebotomy and Blood
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| 85% of the population is positive for? | RH the other 15% is negative
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| blood type AB is known as | universal recipient
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| blood type o is known as | universal donor
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| carbohydrates, lipids, cholesterol, and hormones are all componets of?: | plasmas
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| cholesterol is to assess?: | the amount of lipids in the blood
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| EDTA are | mauve or purpose caps
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| EDTA testing is?: | most preferred and used
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| erythrocyte sedimentation rate is also known as?: | ESR
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| heparin are used in?: | capillary tubes
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| how long does separation take?: | hour
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| how long should direct pressure be applied | 5 minutes
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| how should you choose a site?: | apply the tourniquet and inspect both arms and hands
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| low readings can be caused from?: | anemia or pernicious anemia
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| micro hematocrits are also known as?: | packed cell volume
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| normal values for glucose are?: | 70 to 100 fasting and 140 and down
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| normal values for micro hematocrits are?: | 36 to 48 for women and 42 to 52 for men
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| normal values for prothrombin is?: | 11 to 16 seconds
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| normal values for WBC's are | 4,000 to 11,000
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| on what draws should the tourniqet be released before the needle is removed | on any blood
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| patients must fast for how many hours before blood chemistries?: | 10 to 12 hours
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| plasmas are?: | gases and waste products
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| prothrombin is used for | pro time PTT, coagulation test and to test patients in anticoagulation therapy
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| RBC's are also known as?: | erythrocytes
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| WBC's are also known as?: | leukocytes
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| what are 2 sections of WBC's | agranular and granular
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| what are 2 things you should do when blood does not appear | slightly manipulate the needle and remove needle and try another site
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| what are 2 things you should do when drawing on children?: | explain procedure and be honest if they have a question
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| what are capillary punctures used for | to collect small samples of blood
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| what are common sites for capillary puncture | ring finger, middle finger, heel, and ear lobe
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| what are hemoglobins normal values?: | 12 to 16 for women and 13 to 18 for men
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| what are lymphocytes | t - cells, b cells, and natural killer cell aid in antibody formation
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| what are monocytes | response inflammation signals, increase in mononucleosis
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| what are normal values for cholesterol?: | 150 to 200
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| what are normal values for ESR | 1-20 for women and 0-10 for men
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| what are platelets also known as?: | thrombocytes
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| what are syringe draws used for? | difficult draws and small veins
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| what are the 2 componets of whole blood cells?: | plasma and formed elements
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| what are the 2 groups of clia | original and expanded
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| what are the 3 functions of the blood?: | regulate our body temperature, carry nutrients to all cells, and carry o2 to all cellular levels
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| what are the 3 typed that consist of blood | RBC, WBC, and platelets
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| what are the 5 blood test EDTA are used for?: | CBC, ASR, A1C, lead testint, and Hct's
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| what are yellow, red, and tiger tops used for?: | blood chemistries
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| what do albumin do?: | maintains blood pressure
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| what do blood chemistries aid in?: | the diagnosis and treatment of patient
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| what do lavender tops contain | contain anticoagulant
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| what do platelets aid in? | clotting
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| what do RBC's do for the body?: | carry o2 to tissues and capillary levels and co2 to the lungs
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| what do WBC's do for the body | protect the body against infection and disease by destroying pathogens
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| what does ESR measure?: | the rate at which RBC's separate
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| what does fibrinogen do?: | aids in clotting
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| what is a butterfly draw for?: | alternative method for difficult draws and small fragile veins
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| what is glucose used in the body for?: | energy
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| what is hemoglobin's function | to combine chemically with o2, it is the iron containing pigment in RBC's
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| what is low complecity?: | do not require high skilled personnel, extensive quality control procedures, and comprehensice record keeping or government inspections
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| what is plasma made of?: | 90% of water
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| what is something you should never do if they patient has had a mastectomy?: | draw from the same side
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| what is venipuncture for?: | to collect large amounts of blood
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| what is gamma globulin?: | immunity for certain disease
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| what should you do if a patient faints | remove the tourniquet, remove the needle and then apply pressure
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| what should you do with the first drop of blood | wipe it away
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| where are blood cells formed? | in bone marrow and some WBC'c formed in the lymph nodes
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| why is anticoagulant added to blood samples?: | to keep it from clotting and it also helps with separation of plasma from blood to keep it from clotting and it also helps with separation of plasma from blood
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| basilic vein | large vein on inner side of arm (pinky side)
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| cephalic vein | a superficial vein of the arm commonly used for venipuncture (thumb side)
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| fistula | an artificial connection between an artery and a vein
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| gauge | a measure of diameter of a needle
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| hematoma | the swelling of tissue around a vessel due to leakage of blood into tissue
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| hemoconcentration | increase in the concentration of cellular elements in the blood; plasma enters the tissue
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| hemolysis: | rupture or destruction of red blood cells resulting in the release of hemoglobin
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| hypodermic needle | a hollow needle used for injections or for obtaining fluid specimens
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| lumen | the open space within a tubular organ or tissue
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| median cubital vein: | a superficial vein located in the bend of the of the elbow
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| palpate | to examine by touch
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| sclerosed | hard and gnarled
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| syringe | a hollow, tube like container with a plunger, used for injecting or withdrawing fluids
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| thrombosed | occluded, or blocked by a blood clot
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| tourniquet: | a band to constrict blood flow
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| vein | a blood vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the tissues to the heart.
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| venipuncture | entry of a vein with a needle; phlebotomy
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