RES130 FINAL EXAM REVIEW
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| show | Passive atelectasis = Persistent breathing at small tidal volumes Resorption atelectasis = Mucus plugging present in the airways that block ventilation REF: 904
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| True or False: Patients at high risk for developing atelectasis can be those who are heavily sedated, those with neuromuscular disorders, or those with abdominal or thoracic pain. | show 🗑
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| True or False: Clinical findings that indicate the development of atelectasis normally include inspiratory and expiratory wheezing. | show 🗑
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| show | True REF: 905
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| ____________________ is the most physiologic form of lung expansion therapy. | show 🗑
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| An alert and cooperative 30-year-old man with no prior history of lung disease underwent knee repair surgery. His x-ray film currently is clear. Which of the following approaches to preventing atelectasis would you recommend for this patient? | show 🗑
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| True or False: The most likely cause of a postoperative patient using incentive spirometry and complaining of dizziness and numbness around the mouth after therapy sessions is gastric insufflation | show 🗑
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| show | As flow-oriented or volume-oriented devices REF: 908
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| True or False: Flow-oriented devices have proved less effective than volumetric systems. | show 🗑
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| show | A. “Exhale normally, then inhale as deeply as you can, then hold your breath for 5 to 10 seconds.” A, REF: 909
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| True or False: Diaphragmatic breathing at slow to moderate flows is the correct instruction technique used for teaching incentive spirometry | show 🗑
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| How long should a patient be told to sustain a breath during the performance of a sustained maximal inspiration during incentive spirometry? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following conditions is most likely to predispose a patient to atelectasis? | show 🗑
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| show | D. I, II and IV only I. Decreased or bronchial/tubular breath sounds II. Tachypnea IV. Tachycardia when hypoxemia is present D, Page: 905
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| show | transpulmonary Page: 905
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| show | A. true A, REF: 909
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| show | A. I and II I. patients with clinically diagnosed atelectasis who are not responsive to other therapies II. patients at high risk for atelectasis who cannot cooperate with other methods A, REF: 911
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| show | False,REF: 911
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| show | A. neuromuscular disorders A,REF: 912
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| True or False: Respiratory alkalosis is probably the most common complication associated with intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB)? | show 🗑
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| show | D,REF: 912 D. I, II, III, and IV I. hyperventilation II. air-trapping, auto-PEEP III. increased airway resistance IV. nosocomial infection
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| show | C,REF: 913 C. I, II, and III I. Improved VC II. Improved oxygenation III. Improved breath sounds
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| Which of the following are potential desirable outcomes of (IPPB) therapy? I. improved oxygenation II. increased cough and secretion clearance III. improved breath sounds IV. reduced dyspnea (subjective response) | show 🗑
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| show | D,REF: 913 D. I, II, III, and IV I. what the IPPB treatment will do II. why the physician ordered the treatment III. what the expected results are IV. how the IPPB treatment will feel
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| show | True REF: 914
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| Which of the following adjuncts would you attempt first in order to eliminate leaks in an alert patient receiving an intermittent positive-pressure breathing treatment? | show 🗑
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| show | B,REF: 914 B. effort required to cycle the device “on” (begin inspiration)
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| show | True,REF: 914
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| Which of the following are appropriate volume goals for intermittent positive-pressure breathing (IPPB) therapy? I. 10 to 15 ml/kg ideal body weight II. at least 30% of the inspiratory capacity (IC) | show 🗑
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| show | True, REF: 915
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| Select the mechanisms below that probably contribute to the beneficial effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating atelectasis? | show 🗑
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| Which of the following are contraindications for continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy? I. hemodynamic instability II. hypoventilation III. facial trauma IV. low intracranial pressures | show 🗑
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| True or False: Potential complications associated with CPAP therapy usually include all of the following: barotrauma, hypoventilation, gastric distention, and hypercapnia | show 🗑
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| List the essential components of a CPAP flow system? | show 🗑
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| show | True REF: 917
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| show | 2 to 3 times the patient’s minute ventilation REF: 917
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| Which of the following hyperinflation techniques relies on the patient’s ventilatorymuscles to achieve hyperinflation goals? | show 🗑
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| True or False: Irritation, inspiration, compression, and expulsion are all part of the normal cough reflex. | show 🗑
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| True or False: A patent airway, functional mucociliary escalator, and effective cough are all necessary for normal airway clearance. | show 🗑
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| show | False REF: 922-923
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| Partial airway obstruction can result in all of the following except: | show 🗑
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| show | 1. C & D C. Compression D. Expulsion
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| show | A. Irritation
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| show | 3. C C. Compression
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| Match the phase of a cough on the “right” with the mechanism responsible for impairing the cough on the “left”. Answers may be used once, more than once or not at all. ____4. Pain | show 🗑
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| Match the phase of a cough on the “right” with the mechanism responsible for impairing the cough on the “left”. Answers may be used once, more than once or not at all. ____5. Emphysema | show 🗑
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| show | B,REF: 923 B. bronchodilators
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| show | D,REF: 924 D. I, II, III, and IV I. foreign bodies II. tumors III. inflammation IV. bronchospasm
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| Which of the following conditions alter normal mucociliary clearance? I. bronchodilation II. cystic fibrosis (CF) III. ciliary dyskinesia | show 🗑
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| True or False: The primary goal of bronchial hygiene therapy is to help mobilize and remove retained secretions. | show 🗑
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| show | A,REF: 925 A. I, III, and IV I. bronchiectasis III. cystic fibrosis IV. chronic bronchitis
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| Chest physical therapy can be expected to improve airway clearance when a patient’s sputum production exceeds _____________ml/day | show 🗑
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| True or False: When assessing the potential need for postoperative bronchial hygiene for a patient, considering the number of prior surgeries is very relevant. | show 🗑
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| show | C. I, II, III, and IV REF: 925 I. posture and muscle tone II. breathing pattern and ability to cough III. sputum production IV. cardiovascular stability
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| True or False: Lack of sputum production, development of a fever, labored breathing, and increased inspiratory and expiratory crackles are all clinical signs that indicate a patient is having a problem with retained secretions? | show 🗑
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| show | False,REF: 925
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| show | B,REF: 925 B. gravity
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| Which of the following is NOT a hazard or complication of postural drainage therapy? | show 🗑
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| show | A,REF: 928 A. prevent postural hypotension
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| show | D. when the patient has unstable spinal cord injuries REF: 928
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| In which of the following patients would you consider modifying any head-down positions used for postural drainage? | show 🗑
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| True or False: Vital signs, bedside PFTs, and auscultation are all mandatory components of the pre-assessment for postural drainage? | show 🗑
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| What postural drainage position would you recommend if a patient’s chest radiograph shows infiltrates in the posterior basal segments of the lower lobes? | show 🗑
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| show | Head down (foot of bed elevated 12 inches), patient half-rotated to left, right lung up REF: 930 See Figure 40-3
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