Nutrition Unit Vocabulary
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| Amino acid | any of numerous acids that include some which are the building blocks of proteins and are made by living cells from simpler compounds or are obtained in the diet
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| Arteries | one of the tube-shaped branching muscular-walled and elastic-walled vessels that carry blood from the heart to all parts of the body
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| Bile | a thick bitter yellow or greenish fluid that is secreted by the liver and aids in the digestion and absorption of fats in the duodenum
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| Carbohydrate | any of various compounds of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (as sugars, starches, or celluloses) most of which are formed by plants and are a major animal food
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| Cholesterol | a waxy substance that is present in animal cells and tissues, is important in bodily processes, and may be related to the abnormal thickening and hardening of arteries when too much is present
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| Circulatory system | the bodily system of blood, vessels, and heart concerned with the circulation of the blood and lymph
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| Digestive system | the system that makes food absorbable into the body
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| Digestion | the process or power of digesting something and especially food
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| Energy | power or ability to be active
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| Esophagus | a muscular tube that leads from the cavity behind the mouth to the stomach
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| Nutrient | a nutrient substance or ingredient
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| Nutrition | the act or process of nourishing or being nourished
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| Pancreas | a large gland of vertebrates that lies near the stomach and produces digestive enzymes and insulin
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| Peristalsis | the contracting and expanding movements by which food and waste products of digestion are forced through parts (as the esophagus and intestine) of the digestive system
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| Protein | any of numerous substances that consist of chains of amino acids, contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and often sulfur, include many compounds essential for life, and are supplied by various foods
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| Respiratory system | a system of organs used in breathing that in human beings consists of the nose, nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
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| Salivary gland | any of various glands that secrete saliva into the mouth
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| Serving | a helping of food or drink
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| Starches | to stiffen with or as if with starch
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| vitamins | Any of a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to normal metabolism
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