Chapter 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Double blind study | Neither the participants not the experimenter know if the subjects are in teh experimental or control group
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| positive correlation | two variables increase inthe same direction
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| Negative Correlation | As one variable goes up , the other variable goes down
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| Whatis random assignment? | assigning subjects to the experimental or control groups randomly so that each subject has an equal chance of being in either group
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| What is the placebo effect? | The expectations of the participants in a study can influence their behavior
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| Single blind study | Study in which the subjects do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group
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| Psychology | The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
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| What are the four goals of psychology? | Description, Explanation, Prediction, control
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| Description | observing a behavior and noting everything about it
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| Explanation | to find out why
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| Prediction | determining what will happen in the future
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| Control | to change a behavior from a undesireable one to a desireable one.
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| Who is Wilhelm Wundy | "The father of psychology" attempted to apply scientific principles to the study of the human mind. Created first psychology lab Structuralism
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| Objective introspection | the process of objectively examining and measuring one's own thoughts and mental activities
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| Who is William James? | Founder of functionalism
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| Structuralism | focus of study is the structure or basic elements of the mind
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| Functionalism | focus of study is how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play
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| Gestalt Psychology | early perspective in psychology focusing on perception and sensation, particularly the perceptio of patterns and whole figures
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| who is sigmund Freud? | Neurologist who thought that the unconcious mind created neurological problems when there was no physical symptoms. Early childhood experiences can explain problems later in life.
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| Pscyhoanalysis | the theory and therapy based on the work of Sigmund Freud
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| Who is John B Watson | Founder of behaviorism
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| Behaviorism | the science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only
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| Psychodynamic perspective | modern version of psychoanalysis that is moer focused on the development of a sense of self and the discovery of other motivations behind a persons behvior that sexual motivations
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| cognitive Perspective | focuses on how people think, remember, store and use information
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| cognitive neuroscience | study of the physical changes inteh brain and nervous system during thinking
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| sociocultural perspective | perspective that focuses on the relationship between social behavior and culture
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| biopsychological perspective | persepctive that attributes human and anmial behavior to biological events occuring in the body such as genetic influences, hormones, and the activity of the nervous system
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| scientific method | a system of gatehring data so that bias and error in the measurement are reduced
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| What are the steps of the scientific method? | 1.Perceiving the question, Forming a hypothosis, testing the hypothesis, drawing conclusions, reporting your results
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| Hypothesis | tenative explanation oof a phenomenon based on observations
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| Naturalistic Observation | Observing something in its natural habitat
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| Observer effect | People or animals who know they are being watched will not behave normally
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| What is a case study? | study of one individual in great detail
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| survey | Researchers will ask a series of questions about a topic they are studying
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| Representative sample | randomly selected sample of subjects from a larger population of subjects
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| Correlation | a particular way of organizing numberical infomration so that it is easier to look for patterns in the information
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| correlation coefficient | a number derived from the formula for measuring a correlation and indicating the strength and direction of a correlation
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| What two pieces of information does a correlation coefficent need? | The direction of the relationship and its strength
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| opperational definition | it specifically names the operations that the experiment must ust to control the variables in teh experiment
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| Dependant variable | Variable in a experimetn that represents the measurable response or behavior of the subjects in the experiment
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| Independant variable | variable in an experiment that is manipulated by the experimenter
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Created by:
eccampbe
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