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Psych 110 Chaper 1
Chapter 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Double blind study | Neither the participants not the experimenter know if the subjects are in teh experimental or control group |
| positive correlation | two variables increase inthe same direction |
| Negative Correlation | As one variable goes up , the other variable goes down |
| Whatis random assignment? | assigning subjects to the experimental or control groups randomly so that each subject has an equal chance of being in either group |
| What is the placebo effect? | The expectations of the participants in a study can influence their behavior |
| Single blind study | Study in which the subjects do not know if they are in the experimental or the control group |
| Psychology | The scientific study of behavior and mental processes |
| What are the four goals of psychology? | Description, Explanation, Prediction, control |
| Description | observing a behavior and noting everything about it |
| Explanation | to find out why |
| Prediction | determining what will happen in the future |
| Control | to change a behavior from a undesireable one to a desireable one. |
| Who is Wilhelm Wundy | "The father of psychology" attempted to apply scientific principles to the study of the human mind. Created first psychology lab Structuralism |
| Objective introspection | the process of objectively examining and measuring one's own thoughts and mental activities |
| Who is William James? | Founder of functionalism |
| Structuralism | focus of study is the structure or basic elements of the mind |
| Functionalism | focus of study is how the mind allows people to adapt, live, work, and play |
| Gestalt Psychology | early perspective in psychology focusing on perception and sensation, particularly the perceptio of patterns and whole figures |
| who is sigmund Freud? | Neurologist who thought that the unconcious mind created neurological problems when there was no physical symptoms. Early childhood experiences can explain problems later in life. |
| Pscyhoanalysis | the theory and therapy based on the work of Sigmund Freud |
| Who is John B Watson | Founder of behaviorism |
| Behaviorism | the science of behavior that focuses on observable behavior only |
| Psychodynamic perspective | modern version of psychoanalysis that is moer focused on the development of a sense of self and the discovery of other motivations behind a persons behvior that sexual motivations |
| cognitive Perspective | focuses on how people think, remember, store and use information |
| cognitive neuroscience | study of the physical changes inteh brain and nervous system during thinking |
| sociocultural perspective | perspective that focuses on the relationship between social behavior and culture |
| biopsychological perspective | persepctive that attributes human and anmial behavior to biological events occuring in the body such as genetic influences, hormones, and the activity of the nervous system |
| scientific method | a system of gatehring data so that bias and error in the measurement are reduced |
| What are the steps of the scientific method? | 1.Perceiving the question, Forming a hypothosis, testing the hypothesis, drawing conclusions, reporting your results |
| Hypothesis | tenative explanation oof a phenomenon based on observations |
| Naturalistic Observation | Observing something in its natural habitat |
| Observer effect | People or animals who know they are being watched will not behave normally |
| What is a case study? | study of one individual in great detail |
| survey | Researchers will ask a series of questions about a topic they are studying |
| Representative sample | randomly selected sample of subjects from a larger population of subjects |
| Correlation | a particular way of organizing numberical infomration so that it is easier to look for patterns in the information |
| correlation coefficient | a number derived from the formula for measuring a correlation and indicating the strength and direction of a correlation |
| What two pieces of information does a correlation coefficent need? | The direction of the relationship and its strength |
| opperational definition | it specifically names the operations that the experiment must ust to control the variables in teh experiment |
| Dependant variable | Variable in a experimetn that represents the measurable response or behavior of the subjects in the experiment |
| Independant variable | variable in an experiment that is manipulated by the experimenter |
Created by:
eccampbe
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