unit 5-tectonics
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| Astenosphere | weak plastic like layer below the lithosphere
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| Continental Drift | Hypothesis that the continents were once joined together and they have slowy drifted apart
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| Convection | Transfer of heat through liquids
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| Convergent Boundary | Boundary where two plates come together
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| P-wave | Wave created by an earthquake that pushes and pulls rock in the direction of the wave
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| S-wave | Wave created by an earthquake that shakes particles perpendicular to the wave.
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| Divergent Boundary | An area where the plates are moving apart, common in oceanic ridges.
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| Earthquake | The vibration of the Earth as a result of a rapid energy release.
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| Epicenter | Location on Earth's surface directly above the focus (where the earthquake originated)
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| Fault | A fracture or break in the Earth where movement has occurred.
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| Focus | Point within the earth where an earthquake originates
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| Hotspot | Area of high heat in the mantle that produces magma that rises to the Earth's surface (Hawaiian Islands)
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| lithosphere | Rigid outer layer of the Earth which includes the upper mantle and crust.
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| magnitude | How strong and earthquake was.
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| mantle | The thick layer below the Earth's Crust.
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| mid-ocean ridge | Formed where oceanic plates separate and rising magma cools to form new ocean crust
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| Pangea | Large landmass that was made up of all the continents.
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| Plate Boundary | The area where two plates meet
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| Plate Tectonics | Theory that states that the earth's crust and upper mantle are broken into plates that "float" and move around.
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| Sea-floor spreading | Hess's theory that new seafloor is formed when magma is foced upward at a mid-ocean ridge.
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| Seismograph | Instrument used to measure earthquake waves.
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| subduction zone | Where oceanic and continental plates collide and the oceanic plate plunges beneath the continental plate.
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| Transform Boundary | A boundary where two plates slide past each other.
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| Trench |
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