HealthandFitness
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| the ability to perform repetitive muscular contractions against some resistance for an extended period of time. | muscular endurance
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| a lrage amount of force is generated quickly | power
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| a contraction where the muscle shortens when contracting | concentric contraction
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| a contraction where the muscle lengthens when contracting | eccentric contraction
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| an increase in muscle size in response to training | hypertrophy
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| a decrease in muscle size caused by inactivity | atrophy
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| a group of muscle fibers innervated by a single motor nerve | motor unit
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| small protein structures that are the contractile elements in a muscle fiber | myofilaments
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| a technique that gradually strengthens muscles through a muscle contraction that overcomes some fixed resistance | progressive resistance exercise
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| an exercise in which the muscle contracts against resistance but does not change in lenght | isometric exercise
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| an exercise in which the speed of movement is constant regardless of the strenght of a contraction | isokinetic exercise
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| a series of exercise stations that consist of various combination of weight training, flexibility, calisthenics, and brief aerobic exercises. | circuit training
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| uses integrated exercises designed to improve functional movement patterns for increasing strength and neuromuscular control by using eccentric, concentric, or isometric contractions in three planes of motion simultaneously | functional strength training
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| a technique of exercise that involves a rapid eccentric(lengthening)stretch of a muscle, followed immediately by a rapid concentric contraction of that muscle for the purpose of producing a forceful explosive movement | plyometric exercise
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| exercises done using body weight as resistance | calisthenic exercises
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| a technique for increasing the ability and efficiency of the muscles of the hip, lower back, pelvis, and abdomen, and for providing stability and a base of support for movement of the extremities. | core stabilization training
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| a type of workout that involves jogging at varying speeds over varying terrain | fartlek
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| alternating periods of relatively intense work with periods of active recovery | interval training
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| a technique used to subjectively rate exercise intensity on a numerical scale | rating of perceived exertion
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| a specific heart rate to be achieved and maintained during exercise | target heart rate
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| a technique that uses exercises performed at the same level of intensity for long periods | continuous training
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| an approach to exercise that takes into consideration frequency, intensity, time, and type of activity | FITT principle
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| a type of muscle fiber that is resistant to fatigue and is more useful in long-term-endurance activites. | slow-twitch muscle fibers
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| a type of muscle fiber used for speed or power activites such as sprinting or weight lifting | fast-twitch muscle fibers
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| measured in a laboratory to determine how much oxygen can be used during 1 minute of maximal exercise | aerobic capacity
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| indicates how much blood the heart is capable of pumping in exactly 1 minute | cardiac output
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| the volume of blood being pumped out of the heart with each beat | stroke volume
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| an activity in which the intensity of the activity is low enough that the cardiovascular system can supply enough oxygen to continue the activity for long periods | aerobic activity
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| an activity in which the intensity is so great that the demand for oxygen is greater than the body's ability to deliver oxygen | anerobic activity
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| prevents pooling of blood and enables the body to cool and return to a resting state | cool-down
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| designed to increase body temperature, stretch ligaments and muscles, and increase flexibility | warm-up
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| the type of physical changes that occur are directly related to the type of training used | specificity
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| engaging in fitness activities on a frequent and regular basis | consistency
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| gradually increasing the level and intensity of exercise | progression
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| exercising at a higher lever than normal | overload
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| when the body is subjected to stresses and overloads of varying intensities, it will gradually adapt, over time, to overcome whatever demands are placed on it | SAID principle
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| body postures and breathing exercises used to help reduce stress | yoga
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| a sequence of carefully performed movements that stretch and strengthen muscles | pilates exercise
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| a group of stretching techniques including slow-reversal-hold-relax, contracting-relax, and hold-relax techniques, all of which involve some combination of alternating contraction and relaxation of both agonist and antagonist muscles. | proprioceptive neuromuscular facillatation(PNF)
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| technique involving passively stretching a given atnagonist muscle by placing it in s msximal position of stretch and holding it there for an extended time. | static stretching
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| technique involving repetitive contractions of the agonist muscle that are used to produce quick stretches of the antagonist muscle | dynamic (ballistic) stretching
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| the muscle being stretched in response to contraction of the agonist muscle | antagonist muscle
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| the muscle that contracts to produce a movement | agonist muscle
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| that portion of the total range of motion through which a joint may be moved passively without muscle contraction producing the movement | passive range of motion
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| that portion of the total range of motion through which a joint can be moved by an active muscle contraction | active range of motion
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| the range of motion possible about a given joint or series of joints | flexibility
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| the use of cigarettes, cigars, pipes, or smokeless tobacco | tobacco use
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| a disesase in which a person is powerless to stop drinking and drinking seriously alters his or her normal living pattern | alcoholism
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| organic compounds that primarily contain sterols and sex hormones and are used for increasing lean body weight, muscle mass, and strenght | anabolic steriods
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| the use of drugs for non-medical reasons | drug abuse
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| the responses that occur in the body when the internal balance or equilibrium of the body system is disrupted | stress
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| an excessivley high level of fat in the blood | hyperlipidemia
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| a compound of fat and protein that carries cholesterol | lipoproteins
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| techniques for reducing tensions that could originate from muscular activity but are more from likely to result from psychological responses to hectic lifestyles | relaxation techniques
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| an attempt to effectively manage or control stress by using techniques that alter the physiological and psychological consequences of stress | coping
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| the length of time required to react to a stimulus | reaction time
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| the ability to change or alter- quickly and accurately - the direction of body movement during activity | agility
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| the ability to maintain some degree of equilibrium while moving or standing still | balance
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| the ability to integrate the senses with muscle function to produce smooth,accurate, and skilled movement | neuromuscular coordination
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| the ability to generate great amounts of force against a certain resistance in a short period of time | power
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| the ability to perform a particular movement very rapidly. It is a function of distance and time | speed
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| fitness components associated with athletic performance, including apeed, power, coordination, balance, and agility | skill-related components
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| the number of calories expended through basal metabolism and exercise | caloric expenditure
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| the number of calories consumed in the diet | caloric intake
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| a process by which fatty plaques are deposited along arterial walls | atherosclerosis
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| the precentage of fat in the body relative to the percentage of all the other tissues | body composition
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| the ability to move your arms, legs, and trunk freely throughout a full, nonrestricted, pain-free range of motion | flexibility
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| the ability of muscles to perform or sustain a muscle contraction repeatedly over a period of time | muscular endurance
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| the ability or capacity of a muscle or muscle group to exert force against resistance | muscular strength
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| the ability to persist in a physical activity requiring oxygen for physical exertion without experiencing undue fatigue | components of a healthy lifestyle, including muscular strenght, muscular endurance, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and body composition
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| satisfying your needs regarding mental and emotional stability, social consciousness and adaptability, spiritual and moral fiber, and physical health consistent with your herdity | wellness
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| being physically fit means that the various systems of your body are healthy and function efficiently to enable you to engage in work, in activities of daily living, and in recreational pursuits and leisure activities | physical fitness
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