Newborn Physical assesment
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| Normal Newborn Vital Signs Respiration | Rate-normally 30-50/minute; quite shallow, irregular.
Breathing usually abdominal or diaphragmatic.
Transient tachypnea.
Breath sound may be difficult to localize - clear to rales & rhonchi.
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| Normal Newborn Vital Signs Pulse | Beat heard 5th intercostal space. May hear murmurs first or second day which may be physiologic. After this time, notify physician.
120-150 beats/min (if asleep, 80-90/min; if crying, up to 180/min.
May be regular or irregular, strong, pulses equal.
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| Normal Newborn Vital Signs Blood Pressure | Normal average 80/40 at birth to 100/50 by 10 days; depends on age and weight of infant.
Difficult to obtain diastolic pressure with standard sphygmomanometer - Blood pressures not routinely done on normal newborns - only those who are premature.
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| Normal Newborn Vital Signs Temperature | Rectal 36.5-37.2o C(97.7-99oF) Axillary 36.5-37.2o C(97.7-98.6 F).
Temperature stabilizes within 8-12 hours after delivery.
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| Normal Newborn Weight | Average birth weight about 7 pounds 8 oz. (3405 Gm.
Males usually weigh slightly more than females, white babies more than non-white, second more than first.
Average physiologic weight loss about 5-10% of birth weight.
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| Normal Newborn Length | Average-50 cm (20 inches) both sexes grow 1 inch per month for the first 6 months.
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| Normal Physical Newborn Characteristics Head | Large in comparison to rest of body; 1/4 of body size.
Circumference about 33-35 cm. and is approximately 2 cm greater than chest circumference, (although the first day they may equal due to molding).
Asymmetrical due to molding during birth.
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| Normal Physical Newborn Characteristics Head | May see bruising due to trauma of delivery;
Caput succedaneum-swelling or
edema of scalp near presenting
portion; crosses suture lines.
Cephalhematoma-soft mass of
irreductible blood accumulating,
between periosteum and flat skull
bone
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