biology fina
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| 1) The body is capable of catabolizing many substances as sources of energy. Which of the following would be used as an energy source only after the depletion of other sources? | show 🗑
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| 1) The body is capable of catabolizing many substances as sources of energy. Which of the following would be used as an energy source only after the depletion of other sources? | show 🗑
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| 3) Some nutrients are considered ʺessentialʺ in the diets of certain animals because | show 🗑
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| 4) Animals require certain amino acids in their diet. An amino acid that is referred to as nonessential would bebest described as one that | show 🗑
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| show | B) vitamin Aincorporated into the visual pigment of the eye
6) Which of the following is a fat-soluble vitamin?
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| show | A) calciumconstruction and maintenance of bone.
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| 8) If the digestive systems of animals are to provide the energy needed for ATP and biosynthesis, which of the following diets would be most suitable? | show 🗑
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| Dietary Supplement % DV Vitamin A 70 Vitamin C 100 Vitamin D 100 Vitamin E 150 Vitamin K 13 Vitamin B1 100 Vitamin B2 100 Folic acid 100 Vitamin B12 417 Calcium 20 Phosphorus 5 Iodine 100 Magnesium 25 Zinc 100 Copper 100 Chromium 125 Moly | show 🗑
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| show | B) senior citizens.
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| show | D) Folic acid deprivation is associated with neural tube abnormalities in a fetus.
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| 12) With which of the following is excessive iron absorption most likely to be associated? | show 🗑
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| show | C) They involve the addition of a water molecule to break bonds (hydrolysis).
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| 14) To leave the digestive tract, a substance must cross a cell membrane. During which stage of food processing does this take place? | show 🗑
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| 15) Intracellular digestion of peptides is usually immediately preceded by which process? | show 🗑
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| show | A) hydrolysis
B) absorption.
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| 17) Which of the following is an advantage of a complete digestive system over a gastrovascular cavity? | show 🗑
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| 18) Extracellular compartmentalization of digestive processes is an evolutionary adaptation in many animal phyla. Which of the following phyla is correctly paired with the compartment that first evolved in that phylum? | show 🗑
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| 19) Foods eaten by animals are most often composed largely of macromolecules. This requires the animals to have methods for which of the following? | show 🗑
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| show | E) smooth muscle contractions that move food through the alimentary canal.
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| 21) After ingestion, the first type of macromolecule to be worked on by enzymes in the human digestive system is | show 🗑
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| 22) What is the substrate of salivary amylase? | show 🗑
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| show | C) The epiglottis prevents food from entering the trachea.
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| 24) What part(s) of the digestive system have secretions with a pH of 2? | show 🗑
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| 25) Which of the following statements describes pepsin? | show 🗑
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| show | A) not to be able to initiate protein digestion in the stomach.
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| 27) Which of the following is true of bile salts? | show 🗑
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| show | C) monomers.
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| show | B) pepsin.
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| show | E) 9.
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| show | B) 4 only.
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| show | B) 4 only.
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| show | C) 5.
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| show | D) Most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood.
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| show | C) fatty acid.
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| show | D) hepatic portal vessel.
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| show | A) protein-digesting enzymes.
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| 38) Adult lampreys attach onto large fish and feed regularly on their body fluids. Given this continuous supply of food, which one of the following is most likely missing in lampreys? | show 🗑
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| show | B) promotes water reabsorption in the large intestine.
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| show | C) ability to diagnose and treat H. pylori infection.
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| show | A) gastric reflux.
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| show | D) production of biotin and vitamin K.
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| show | D) in the lumen of the stomach.
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| 44) The pH of the stomach is low enough and the protease activity high enough that the cells of the stomach itself are at risk of self-digestion. This is prevented by which of the following? | show 🗑
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| 45) In general, herbivorous mammals have molars modified for | show 🗑
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| show | B) herbivores.
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| 47) Which of the following are adaptations to a carnivorous diet? | show 🗑
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| 48) Why are cattle able to survive on a diet consisting almost entirely of plant material? | show 🗑
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| show | B) the prevalence of specific kinds of teeth.
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| 50) In which of the following would you expect to find an enlarged cecum? | show 🗑
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| show | C) rabbits and their relatives.
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| 52) Microbial symbionts are especially important for nutritional support in which of the following? | show 🗑
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| show | D) mutation of ob or db.
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| show | D) activation of receptors for leptin.
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| show | B) essential nutrients.
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| 56) Which of the following occurs when digestion of organic molecules results in more energy-rich molecules than are immediately required by the animal? | show 🗑
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| 57) Which of the following hormone actions will occur when more energy is required by a human? | show 🗑
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| show | C) liver glycogen, muscle glycogen, fat.
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| show | D) type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
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| show | E) malnourished.
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| 2) Which of the following animals is incorrectly paired with its feeding mechanism? | show 🗑
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| 3) The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the | show 🗑
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| show | C) pepsin.
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| 5) Which of the following organs is incorrectly paired with its function? | show 🗑
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| show | D) fat.
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| 7) The symbiotic microbes that help nourish a ruminant live mainly in specialized regions of the | show 🗑
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| 8) If you were to jog a mile a few hours after lunch, which stored fuel would you probably tap? | show 🗑
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