CCAC NRN 102 Gastrointestinal Dysfunction CH47
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| Common body fluid disturbance in infants and children and occurs whenever the total output of fluid exceeds the total intake, regardless of cause. | Dehydration
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| What are three causes of dehydration? | Insensible losses through skin and respiratory tract, increased renal excretion, and GI tract.
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| What are the three types of dehydration? | Isotonic, Hypotonic, and Hypertonic.
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| If a 2 year old child has lost 6% of their body weight, what severity of dehydration do they have? | Moderate
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| A 9 month old infant weighing 9kg has lost 1000ml of fluid, determine the severity of the dehydration. | Moderate
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| Diarrhea is a symptom that results from disorders involving | digestive, absorptive, and secretory functions
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| Diarrheal disturbance that involves the stomach and intestines is termed | Gastroenteritis
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| A leading cause of illness in children younger than 5 years of age, defined as sudden increase in frequency and a change in consistency of stools | Acute diarrhea
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| Chronic diarrhea | an increase in stool frequency and increased water content with a duration of more than 14 days.
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| Most frequent viral cause of acute diarrhea in young children | Rotovirus
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| What are the most frequent bacterial causes of diarrhea in children? | Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter
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| What are the major goals in the treatment of acute diarrhea? | 1, assessment of fluid and elecrtolyte imbalance, 2, rehydration, 3, maintenance fluid therapy, 4, reintroduction of adequate diet
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| Constipation is | an alteration in the frequency, consistency, or ease of passing stool.
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| Normally the newborn passes first meconium stool within | 24 to 36 hours
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| The initial manifestation of cyctic fibrosis | Meconium ileus
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| Forceful ejection of gastric contents through the mouth | vomiting
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| The transfer of gastric contents into the esophagus | Gastroesophageal reflux (GER)
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| Represents symptoms or tissue damage that results from GER | GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease
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| Repetitive stretching and arching of the head and neck in young children | Sandifer syndrome
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| Inflammation of the vermiform appendix | Appendicitis
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| Fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, and elevated WBC count | Symptoms associated with appendicitis but also seen with IBD
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| Where does the abdominal pain of appendicitis usually start? | Periumbilical
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| Where does the the pain become most intense? | McBurney point
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| Is Rebound tenderness a reliable sign of appendicitis? | No
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