CH 7 Review of the Human Body
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| What are the four main levels of body organization (in order smallest to largest)? | cell, tissue, organ, organ system
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| What is the control center of a cell which controls all of its functions? | nucleus
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| What is the clear, jelly-like material filling a human cell other than the nucleus? | cytoplasm
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| What is the outer barrier of a human cell called? | cell membrane
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| What is a group of similar cells performing the same function called? | tissue
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| What are the four types of tissues? | epithelial, muscle, connective, nervous
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| What is the body's natural tendency to maintain calm regardless of outside stress? | homeostasis
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| What are two examples of homeostasis? | sweating and shivering
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| How many bones are in the adult human body? | 206
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| Connective tissue (ligaments, tendons) help to | support the body
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| Give an example of a ball and socket joint | shoulder or hip
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| When muscles contract they get _______________. | shorter
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| What structure carries a nerve impulse toward the cell body? | dendrite
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| What structure carries a nerve impulse away from the cell body? | axon
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| What are the two types of nervous system? | central and peripheral
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| What two parts of the body is the central nervous system made up of? | brain and spinal cord
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| Endocrine glands release hormones into the ____________. | blood
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| Endocrine glands are controlled by | their own hormones
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| What is a place in the body where two bones meet? | joint
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| Give two types of joints. | ball and socket, hinge, gliding, immovable (like the skull)
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| What are the three main areas of the brain? | cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem
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| What is the part of the brain that is responsible for speech and language? | cerebrum
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| Name the part of the brain that would cause loss of the ability to breathe on your own if damaged. | brain stem (it controls breathing and heart rate, both involuntary actions)
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| Name the part of the brain responsible for balance and coordination. | cerebellum
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| What are the three muscle types? | Striated or Skeletal, Smooth, and Cardiac
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| Where can cardiac muscle be found? | ONLY the heart.
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| Where can smooth muscle be found? | the lining of the stomach
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| Where can skeletal muscle be found? | in the muscle of the bones (helps with movement)
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| What it the endocrine gland that controls all of the other endrocrine glands called? | hypothalamus
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| Name three organs of the human body. | heart, kidney, lungs, liver, skin, eyes, pancreas, gall bladder, stomach
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| What is the substance that makes nerve impulses travel faster called? (without it, nerve impulses do not work fast enough--i.e. Multiple Sclerosis is one example of this disorder) | myelin sheath
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