fossils
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| the preserved remains/traces of living things | fossil
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| the type of rock that is made of hardened sediment | sedimentary rock
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| a hallow area in sediment in the shape of an organism or part of an organism. | mold
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| a solid copy of the shape of an organism | cast
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| fossils in which minerals replace all or part of an organism | petrified fossil
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| an extremely thin coating of carbon on rock | carbon film
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| provide evidence of the activities of ancient organisms | trace fossils
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| scientists who study fossils | paleontologists
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| a well tested concept that explains a wide range of observations | scientific theory
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| a type of organism that no longer exists and will never again live on earth | extinct
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| a rock's age compared to the ages of other rocks | relative age
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| a rock's number of years since the rock formed | absolute age
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| used to determine that relative ages of sedimentary rock layers | law of superposition
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| lava that hardens on the surface | extrusion
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| an igneous rock layer formed when magma hardens beneath earth's surface | intrusion
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| the surface where new rock layers meet a much older rock surface beneath them | unconformity
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| a fossil must be widely distributed and represent a type of organism that existed only briefly | index fossil
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| a break in earth's crust | fault
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| all the matter you see, including rocks, is made of these tiny particles | atom
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| when all the atoms in a particular type of matter are the same, the matter is this | element
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| over time, elements break down, or decay, by releasing particles and energy in this process | radioactive decay
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| of a radioactive element is the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms to decay | half life
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