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chapter questions-meds affecting cardiovascular system

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What is the most common cause of dysrhythmias in clt receiving digoxin?   hypokalemia secondary to use of diuretics. Digoxin works by binding to & inhibiting enzyme Na+K+-ATPase. Potassium and digoxin compete for the same bidnding sites on this enzyme. Digoxin has more opportunity to bind. Leads to increased risk of toxicity.  
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A clt has been diagnosed w/hypertension. Propranolol (Inderal) would be contraindicated in which condition?   Asthma (med is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker and blocks both beta1 & beta2 receptors. Blockade of beta2 recceptors in the lungs causes bronchoconstriction)  
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A client is prescribed clonidine (Catapres) orally once a day for hypertension. What statement by the client shows effective teaching?   "I will take the clonidine at bedtime because it may make me drowsy." "I will chew gum or use hard candy to keep my mouth moist."(Clonidine patches are appled every 7 days.)  
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When providing teaching to a client taking verapamil (Calan) for control of dysrhythmias, what should the nurse include?   Increase the amt of dietary fiber and fluid in diet. (CCB'S can cause constipation - AVOID GRAPEFRUIT JUICE)  
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A clt receiving captopril (Capoten) and a spironolactone (Aldactone), a potassium-sparing diuretic, should be monitored for which of the following adverse effects?   Hyperkalemia and Hypotension (ACE inhibitors can lead to hyperkalemia. Using a potassium-sparing diuretic w/an ACE inhibitor can lead to hyperkalemia.  
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Clt teaching to prevent first-dose hypotension should include   Taking the medication at bedtime.(Taking at bedtime helps avoid position changes that exacerbate the symptoms of hypotension.)  
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What statement would indicate further teaching for a patient taking atorvastatin (Lipitor).   I will limit my alcohol intake to 1 or 2 drinks per day.(alcohol avoided to reduce risk of hepatotoxicity)  
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What is correct regarding toxicity associated w/amiodarone?   Lung damage can persist for months after the medication is d/c. (Because of a long half-life, symptoms persist for months after d/c.)  
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Dopamine(intropin) is used to treat shock for which of the follwoing pharmacologic actions?   Vasoconstriction of blood vessels; Renal blood vessel dilation.(Dopamine's used in tx of shock to cause renal blood vessel dilation & vasoconstriction of blood vessels.)  
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