Part I Overview of the Endocrine System
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| Hormones major jobs | Reproduction, growth & development, mobilizing body defenses against stressors, maintaining electrolyte water and nutrient balance of blood, regulating cellular metabolism and energy balance.
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| Three types of hormones | Amino Based, Steroids, and Prostaglandis
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| Examples of Amino Based Hormones | Melatonin, Oxytocin, Growth Hormone, Insulin, Glucagon
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| Examples of Steroid Based Hormones | Androgens, Estrogen, Progesterone, Mineralocoricoids
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| Examples of Prostaglandis | PGA, PGB, PGC, PGD....PGI
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| 4 Functions of hormones | 1) Changes in plasma membrane permeability or electrical state. 2)synthesis of proteins or certain regulatory molecules in cell 3)Activation or inactivation of enzymes 4)Stimulation of mitosis.
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| Name to three stimuli | Hormonal, Humoral, and Neural
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| HORMONAL STIMULUS | Organs are pushed into action by other hormones.
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| HUMORAL STIMULUS | Body fluid levels change pushes hormones into action
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| NEURAL STIMULUS | Releases hormones during stress
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| Name the 10 endocrine organs. | 1]Pituitary 2]Thyroid, 3]Parathyroid, 4]Adrenal, 5]Pineal, 6] Thymus glands, 7]Pancreas, 8]Ovaries, 9]Testes, 10]Hypothalamus
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| Hormones of the Thyroid Gland | Thyroid Hormone, Calcitonin.
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| THYROID HORMONE | Controls rate that glucose is oxidized and burned, and converts it into body heat.
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| CALCITONIN | decreases blood calcium levels by causing calcium to be departed in the bones.
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| Calcitonin is the antagonist of.... | Parathyroid hormone
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| PARATHYROID HORMONE | When blood calcium levels get low PTH triggers osteoclasts to release calcium into the blood.
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| Tetany | Uncontrollable muscle spasms due to low blood calcium levels.
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| 2 Organs of the Adrenal Glands | Cortex and Medulla
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| Hormones secreted by the Adrenal Glands | 1]Mineralocorticoids, 2]Glucocorticoids, 3]Sex Hormones
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| MINERALOCORTICOIDS | Produced by the outermost cortex layer. Regulate mineral contend of blood. Regulate water and electrolyte balances.
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| GLUCOCORTICOIDS | Produced by the middle cortical layer. Produces cortisone and cortisol. Control flammation.
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| SEX HORMONES | Produced by innermost cortex layer. [Male]Androgens [Female] Estrogens
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| Hormones the Adrenal Medulla releases | Epinephrine and norepinephrine.
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