Materninty Nursing Chapter 7
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| Acme | Peak, or period of greatest strength, of a uterine contraction.
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| Crowning | Visibility of the fetal head in the birth canal before delivery.
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| Decrement | Decrease of intensity (strength) of uterine contraction.
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| Dilation of cervix | Stretching of cervical canal to size of opening large enough to allow passage of newborn.
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| Engagement | Descent of the fetal presenting part to at least zero station (the level of the ishial spines in the maternal pelvis).
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| Effacement | Thinning and shortening of the cervix before and during labor.
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| Episiotomy | Surgical incision of the perineum before birth to permit delivery of newborn without lacerations to the area.
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| Extension | Stretching out of part; opposite of flexion.
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| External Rotation | The realignment of the fetal head with the shoulders after the head is delivered, and the alignment of the fetal shoulders with the mothers pelvis before delivery of the newborn.
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| False labor | Irregular uterine contractions that do not result in cervical dilation. They do not get longer or become stronger.
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| Fetal attitude | Relation of the fetal parts to one another. Normal attitude is one of flexion of the arms and legs.
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| Fetal lie | Relation of the long axis of the fetus to the long axis of the woman.
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| Fetal position | Relation of the designated part on the presenting fetal part to the front, sides, and back of the maternal pelvis.
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| Fetal presentation | The fetal body parts that enter the maternal pelvis first. Three potential presentations are cephalic, breech, and shoulder.
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| Increment | Increased intensity of a uterine contraction.
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| Internal rotation | The turning of the fetal head until the occiput is directly under the maternal symphysis pubis in preparation for birth of the head.
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| Labor | Process by which the fetus, placena, and membranes are expelled from the maternal uterus; parturition; childbirth.
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| Lightening | Moving of the fetus and uterus downward into the pelvic cavity; engagement.
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| Molding | Shaping the fetal head by overlapping of the cranial bones to facilitate movement through the birth canal.
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| Show | Vaginal discharge during the first stage of labor.
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| Station | Relation of the presenting fetal part to the pelvic ischial spines of the birth canal.
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| The process of labor is actually an interaction of four very important variables: The | Pelvis, Passenger, Powers, and Psyche.
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| Other factors (Vande Vuose, 1999) that can influence the process of labor, such as: | Preparation, Professional help, Procedures, & People.
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| Preparation: | Attendance at prenatal classes reduces fear of the unknown.
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| Position: | Maternal preferences for horizontal, vertical, sitting, squatting, or side-lying positions may influence the progress of labor.
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| Preofessional help: | The presence of a supportive nurse or doula (specially trained labor coach) can coach the woman through the labor process.
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| Procedures: | The number of vaginal examinations and other invasive procedures can interrupt concentration and rapport during the labor process.
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| People: | The presence of supportive partners or family members can influence the smooth progress of labor.
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| 6 Possible occiput positions: | LOA, LOP, LOT, ROA,ROP, ROT
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| LOA | Left occiput anterior
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| LOP | Left occiput posterior
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| LOT | Left occiput transverse
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| ROA | Right occiput anterior
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| ROP | Right occiput posterior
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| ROT | Right occiput transverse
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| Assessment of Uerine (Labor) Contractions | The characerisitics of labor contractions include Frequency, duraion, and intensity.
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