ACL and PCL mechanism of injury
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show | Grade I (Mild), Grade II (Moderate), Grade III (Severe)
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show | Grade I (Mild)
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show | No just minimal pain, no swelling, no loss of joint function, no clincal instability, or functional instability
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In a Grade II ligament injury would you see a PT? | show 🗑
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show | A few collagen ligament fibers may be compleely torn, but most of the ligament is intact
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show | Moderate pain, moderate swelling and some loss of function and stabiltiy
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What happens in a Grade III ligament injury? | show 🗑
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show | Intraarticular
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show | To attach the femur tothe tibia
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(ANATOMY OF BIOMECHANICS OF CRUCIATE LIGAMENT)Where are the ligaments located between? | show 🗑
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(ANATOMY OF BIOMECHANICS OF CRUCIATE LIGAMENT)What does "Cruciate" mean? | show 🗑
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show | The strong rounded bands that are named according ot their site of attachment of the tibia
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Where does the ACL attach to? | show 🗑
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show | ACL can be injured alone or with other structures
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Is the ACL a weak ligament? | show 🗑
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show | The ACL is on SLACK
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What is the ACL called when it is fully extended? | show 🗑
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What is the purpose of the ACL in body? | show 🗑
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When the Acl is injured or sprained, typically how is it caused? | show 🗑
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How can the ACL be an isolated injury? | show 🗑
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show | When the knee is hit hard from the lateral side when the foot is planted on the ground
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show | ACL, MCL, and Medial Meniscus are injured usually from an external force
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show | Hemathorsis, blook within the joint capsule often occurs with ACL injury, requirring arthrocentesis(aspiration of fluid within the joint)
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show | 1.Removal of BLood = ligament tear 2.Blood + Fat droplets = fracture and or ligament sprain Synovial fluid w/out blood = chronic meniscus lesion or synovitis
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show | Either right away or several months later du to swellling
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show | ACL tear
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What position is the pt in for the exam? | show 🗑
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show | PTA stabilize distal femur with one hand just proximal to knee joint. Grasp proximal tibia with the other hand and try to displase anteriorly
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When doing the Lachmans test what direction is the force? | show 🗑
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show | ACL and PCL tear
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What is different about the pt position from the Lachman to the Anterior Drawer tests? | show 🗑
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show | Stabilize affected limb by sitting on the foot of affected leg. Grasp the prozimal tibia with both hands, thumbs on the anterior joint line and provide an anterior force. Observe the amount of joint seperation
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What are some other Mulitdirectional Rotation Exams done for tears at the knee? | show 🗑
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show | Hughston jerk test
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The posterior cruciate ligament attaches where on the tibia? | show 🗑
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show | PCL is a stronger ligament than the ACL
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show | When the PCL is in extension the ligament is slack
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show | When the PCL is fully flexed the ligament is TAUT
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What is the main function of the PCL? | show 🗑
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When the PCL is injuried their are 4 specific injury mechanisms that can result in PCL injury, but the most common force of injury is what? | show 🗑
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What ligament is injuried when someone falls on a flexed knee making contact with the tibial tuberosity forcing the tibia posteriorly? | show 🗑
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show | Hyperflexion without a resultant force of the tibia
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show | When the ligaments are injuried from the foot planted and knee is hyperextended
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show | Ligament instability tests can be confusing to diagnose
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show | Same as the Anterior drawer test
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show | The tibia is sagging backward and so the tibia is actually just being brough back to neutral with anterior force
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Waht test is more senitive test of the ligaments instability tests? | show 🗑
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show | The pt is supine with the hip and knee of the affected leg is at 90 degrees
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show | The PTA holds heel of the affected limb and allow tibia to sublux/say posteriory by gravity
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What direction of force going while doing theGodfrey Posterior tibial sag test? | show 🗑
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