HCC Maternal Unit 2
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| Braxton Hicks Contractions | Irregular contractions of the uterus that occur intermittently throughout pregnancy. May be palpated bimanually beginning about the 4th month.
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| Mucous plug | Thick, tenacious mucus which accumulates and thickens to seal the endocervical canal and prevents ascent of bacteria or other substances into the uterus.
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| Mucous plug 2 | The plug is expelled when cervical dilatation begins.
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| Goodell's Sign | Softening of the cervix.
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| Chadwick's Sign | A blue-purple discolorization.
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| Corpus Luteum | Secretes progesterone to maintain the endometrium until the placenta produces enough progesterone to maintain the pregnancy. Then it disintegrates slowly.
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| Striae | Purplish stretch marks, that slowly turn silver after childbirth, may develop as pregnancy progresses.
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| Colostrum | An antibody-rich, yellow secretion, may be expressed manually by the 12th week and may leak from the breasts during the last trimester.
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| Supine Hypotensive Syndrome | AKA-vena caval syndrome or aortocaval compression. Pressure on the vena cava by the uterus that produces marked decrease in BP.
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| Supine Hypotensive Syndrome Symptoms | Dizziness, pallor, and clamminess. Can be resolved with mom laying on her left side.
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| Physiologic Anemia of Pregnancy (pseudoanemia) | Hematocrit readings(measuring erythrocyte count) that are decreased.
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| Linea Nigra | Increased pigmentation of the midline from the pubic area to the umbilicus and above.
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| Facial Chloasma (melasma gravidarum) | "mask of pregnancy" An irregular pigmentation of the cheeks, forehead, and nose.
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| Metabolic Changes | Metabolic functions increase with pregnancy as needs must be met for mom, the fetus, labor, and lactation. No other event in life induces such profound metabolic changes.
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| Weight Gain | Recommended total weight gain during pregnancy of a woman of normal wt is 11.5-16 kg
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| hCG | Human Chorionic Gonadotropin. This hormone stimulates progesterone and estrogen production by the corpus luteum to maintain pregnancy until the placenta takes over.
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| hPL | Human Placental Lactogen. An antagonist of insulin.
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| Estrogen | Stimulates uterine development to provide a suitable enviornment for the fetus.
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| Progesterone | Maintains the endometrium and also inhibits spontaneous uterine contractility, thus preventing early spontaneous abortion due to uterine activity.
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| Relaxin | Detectable in the serum of a pregnant woman by the first missed menstrual period. Inhibits uterine activity.
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| Prostaglandins (PGs) | Arise from most body tissues but occur in high concentrations in the female reproductive tract.
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| Amenorrhea | The earliest symptom of pregnancy.
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| Morning Sickness | A distaste for food, extreme vomiting, possibly accompanied by dehydration and ketosis. Occur in the early part of the day and disappear within a few hours.
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| Quickening | The mother's perception of fetal movements, occurs at about 18-20 wks after the LMP in a primigravida. as early as 16 weeks in multigravida.
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| Hegar's Sign | A softening of the isthmus of the uterus, which occurs at 6-8 weeks of pregnancy.
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| McDonald's Sign | An ease in flexing the body of the uterus against the cervix.
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| Ballottement | The passive fetal movement elicited by pushing up against the cervix with two fingers. This pushes the fetal body up and as it falls back a rebound is felt.
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