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Bio #14

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Term
Definition
Biotechnology   show
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Recombinant DNA Technology   show
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show The deliberate modification of an organism's genome using biotechnology techniques  
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show A technique used to amplify small segments of DNA  
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DNA Cloning and Recombinant DNA : Recombinant DNA (rDNA)   show
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DNA Cloning and Recombinant DNA : Plasmids   show
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show A DNA molecule used to deliver genetic material into cells.  
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show The process of introducing recombinant DNA into a host cell  
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show Proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences. These are used to "cut" both the plasmid and the gene of interest so they can be combined. Ex: EcoRI: Cuts DNA at a specific recognition sequence, leaving "sticky ends" that are joined with other DNA fragments  
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DNA Ligase   show
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Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) : PCR   show
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PCR Steps   show
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show Heating the DNA to separate strands  
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PCR Annealing   show
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PCR Extension   show
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show A technique used to separate DNA, RNA, or protein fragments by size and charge through a gel matrix under an electric field - Ethidium bromide or other dyes are used to visualize DNA bands  
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show The process of inserting a gene into a vector, introducing it into a host organism, and producing the gene product (protein) in large quantities - Bacterial Cloning: E. coli or other bacteria can be used as hosts for gene cloning  
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show Organisms whose genome has been altered by the insertion of foreign genes. This can involve the creation of Transgenic Plants and animals  
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show Plants modified to express desirable traits (e.g., resistance to pests or herbicides)  
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Transgenic Animals   show
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Applications of Biotechnology : Genetic Engineering of Organisms : Gene Therapy   show
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Somatic Cell Gene Therapy   show
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Germ-line Gene Therapy   show
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Applications of Biotechnology : Genetic Engineering of Organisms : Pharmaceutical Production   show
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show The use of living organisms to detoxify or remove pollutants from the environment (e.g., oil spills)  
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Applications of Biotechnology : Genetic Engineering of Organisms : Environmental Biotechnology : Waste Treatment   show
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Genomics   show
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Human Genome Project (HGP)   show
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show Determining the precise order of nucleotides in a DNA molecule  
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show Comparing the genomes of different species to identify similarities and differences  
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Functional Genomics   show
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show Using techniques like microarrays or RNA-Seq to study gene activity and how genes are expressed under different conditions  
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show Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics, Genomic Medicine, Agricultural Genomics  
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Biotechnology   show
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show DNA that is formed by combining genetic material from different sources  
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show A small circular DNA molecule used as a vector in cloning.  
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show A technique used to amplify specific DNA sequences  
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show Enzymes that cut DNA at specific sequences  
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show The process of producing identical copies of a gene  
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show Organisms that have been genetically modified with foreign DNA  
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show The study of the complete set of genes in an organism’s genome  
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show A technique used to treat or prevent disease by modifying the genetic material of a patient’s cells  
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