Key Terms
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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What is developmental psychology | show 🗑
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3 major developmental psychology focus | show 🗑
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What are teratogens (from prenatal development) | show 🗑
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show | decrease responsiveness with repeated exposure to a stimulus (shows signs of boredom)
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show | Biological growth process that enable orderly changes in behavior relatively uninfluenced by experiences
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Frontal lobe | show 🗑
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Sequence of baby development | show 🗑
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show | 4 years old
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show | The development of the frontal lobes and hippocampus
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What is cognition? | show 🗑
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show | A child's mind develops through a series of stages, in an upward march from the newborns simple reflexes to adults abstract reasoning power (increase intellect means more struggle making sense of our experience)
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show | A concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
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show | Assimilation is integrating new experiences in terms of our current understanding. (dog = 4 legged animal)
Accommodation is our schemas incorporating information provided by new experiences. (dog, cat, etc, multiple schema)
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show | Sensorimotor (object permanences), Preoperational (conservation, pretend play, egocentric, theory of mind), Concrete operational, and Formal operational.
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show | birth to 2 years old infants know the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activity.
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show | (subsection of sensorimotor) when the awareness hat things continue to exist even when not perceived
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show | 2 years old to 6/7 years old when a child learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic
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Conservation | show 🗑
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show | (subsection of preoperational) symbolic thinking that advances during tradition stages
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Egocentric | show 🗑
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show | (subsection of preoperational) peoples ideas about their own and others mental stages, about their feelings, perceptions, thoughts, and the behaviors these might predict
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show | 7 years old to 11 years old when children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logical about concrete events
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show | 12 years old onwards when people begin to think logically about abstract concepts
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What did Lev Vygotsky emphasize? | show 🗑
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Scaffold | show 🗑
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show | the zone between what a child can and can't do (it's what a ki can do with help like riding a bike)
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How is language an important ingredient of social monitoring? | show 🗑
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show | - development is continuous
- formal logic as a smaller part of cognition
- detecting the beginnings of each type of thinking at earlier ages to reveal conceptual ability
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What is autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? | show 🗑
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What seems to be the source of ASD's symptoms? | show 🗑
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show | when altered by maternal infection and inflammation , psychiatric drug use or stress hormones. (Childhood vaccines do not contribute to ASD)
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What do several studies show about the brain's structure in those with ASD? | show 🗑
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What is stranger anxiety? | show 🗑
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show | An emotional tie with another person; shown in young children by their seeking closeness to their caregiver and showing distress on separation.
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What are the findings of Harlow's monkey? | show 🗑
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What is the a critical period? | show 🗑
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show | The process by which certain animals from strong attachments during early life
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show | procedure for studying child-caregiver attachment; a child is placed in an unfamiliar environment while their caregiver leaves and then return, the child reaction is observed
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show | shows only temporary distress when the caregiver leaves and finds comfort in caregivers return
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Insecure attachment | show 🗑
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show | Children who have a secure attachment style approach life with a sense of predictable and trustworthy (formed during infancy)
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What happens when children are neglected? | show 🗑
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What is self-concept? | show 🗑
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show | Self-awareness begins when we recognize ourselves in a mirror, drawing showed by 18 months, children could distinct themselves in a mirror.
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Authoritarian parenting style | show 🗑
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Permissive parenting style | show 🗑
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Negligent parenting style | show 🗑
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show | Parents are confirmative. They are both demanding and responsive. excerpt control by setting rules, especially with older children. Encourage open discussion and allow exceptions.
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Western vs Asian/African beliefs. | show 🗑
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show | the transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence. (start of sexual maturity, ends with social achievement of independent adult status)
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Tension of adolescence | show 🗑
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What happens to unused neurons during adolescence | show 🗑
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Frontal lobe continuing to grow | show 🗑
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What are some changes in adolescents reasoning during formal operation? | show 🗑
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show | think morally and act accordingly
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show | Preconventional morality; determine right/wrong by rewards/punishments
Conventional morality; views of other matter. avoidance of blame and seeks approval
Post conventional morality; abstract notions of justice. rights of others can override obedience.
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show | it's rooted in moral intuitions quick gut feeling"
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What is identity? | show 🗑
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show | the "we" aspect of our self-concept, comes from our group memberships
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Why do some adolescents forge identities early? | show 🗑
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What age range does self esteem fall? | show 🗑
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What is intimacy and how is it related to identity development? | show 🗑
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How does the relationship between adolescents and parents change as adolescents begin to find their own identities? | show 🗑
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show | a period from age 18 to the mid-twenties when many in western cultures are no longer adolescents but have not yet achieved full independences as adults
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In what two ways does biology influence our gender psychology? | show 🗑
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show | found in both male and female. child gets one from each parent.
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What are Y chromosomes? | show 🗑
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What is testosterone? | show 🗑
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What are primary and secondary sex characteristics? | show 🗑
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show | condition presents at birth due to an unnatural combo of male and female chromosomes, hormones, and anatomy
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show | create an unambiguous sex identity for children with the intersex condition
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What are AIDS? | show 🗑
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show | 1) BC communication
2) impulsively
3) alcohol use
4) mass media
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Factors that predicts sexual restraints? | show 🗑
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Main points regarding sexual orientation? | show 🗑
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How much can we attribute sexual orientation to genetics? | show 🗑
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show | spatial abilities, fingerprint ridges, auditory levels, gender nonconformity, etc
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When do our physical abilities peak? | show 🗑
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show | the time of natural cessation of menstruation; also reters to the biological changes a women experiences as her ability to reproduce declines
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How has life expectancy changed since 1950? | show 🗑
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show | Visual sharpness, distance perception, adaptation to light changes, and muscle mass decreases
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show | pro: antibodies to prepare for flu/common cold are stronger
con: immune system is weaker and life threatening diseases can happen
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Compared to teenagers, older people take a bit more time to: | show 🗑
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show | Early adulthood (teens and young adulthood)
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show | Older people's prospective memory remains strong when events help trigger a memory, especially got habitual task
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How can we build mental muscle and prevent decline from old age? | show 🗑
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Take away from cross-sectional and longitudinal study | show 🗑
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show | Acquired (not life long) disorders marked by congestive deficits; often related to Alzheimer's, brain injury, drug abuse. (Formerly called dementia).
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show | A neurocognitive disorder marked by neural plagues after the age around 80, and entailing a progressive decline in memory and other cognitive abilities.
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Alzheimer's symptoms | show 🗑
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What is a social clock? | show 🗑
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show | Ironic events that have lasting significance (For example the author of a book on this topic ended up marrying a woman he happened to sit next to)
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Basic aspects that dominate adulthood | show 🗑
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show | Helps people complete the life cycle with a sense of life's purpose and meaningfulness and unity
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What is language? | show 🗑
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What are phonemes? | show 🗑
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What are morphemes | show 🗑
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show | A language's set of rules that enable people to communicate , guide us in deriving meaning from sounds (semantics) and ordering words into sentences (syntax)
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show | The correct way to string words together to from setences
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What is receptive language? | show 🗑
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show | 6 months; they are able to recognize object names
7 months; they grow in their power to segment spoken sounds into individual words
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What is productive language? | show 🗑
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What occurs during the babbling stage? | show 🗑
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What occurs during the one-word stage? | show 🗑
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show | About age 2 when a child speaks in two word segments. Telegraphic speech where they talk in verb-noun patterns (ex; juice)
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show | Children understand complex sentences and begin to enjoy the humor conveyed by double meanings
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What is meant by the critical period? | show 🗑
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show | Lose the ability to master any language
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show | They should learn sign language from birth to ensure their developing language skills comparable to their peers. Delaying exposure to sign language can lead to significant language deficits.
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Deaf child, cochlear implants discourse | show 🗑
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show | School achievement, socially excluded, and communicating with peers who don't understand sign language.
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What is Broca's Area? | show 🗑
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What is Wernicke's Area? | show 🗑
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What did Benjamin Lee Whorf propose? | show 🗑
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Define linguistic determinism | show 🗑
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show | Words affect our thinking, thus our thinking and world view is relative to our culture's language
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show | We see colors the same but we use our native language to classify and remember them ( we think in images)
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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Created by:
SamanthaKotas