Flashcards
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| Molecule | Chemically combined
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| A substance made up of more than one molecule is called | Mixture
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| A substance that can dissolve is water is said to be | Soluble
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| Water in salt water would be the | Solvent
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| Electrons charge | Negative
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| Protons charge | Postive
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| Neutrons Charge | Neutral
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| Postivly charged particle in the nucleus of an atom is the | Proton
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| The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called the | Atomic number
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| The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the | Atomic mass
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| The nucelus of an atom contains | Protons and Neutrons
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| The number at the top of each square on the peroidic table is the (= number of protons) | Atomic number
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| The horizontal rows of elements on the perodic table are | Periods
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| Elements in the same vertical coloum | Family
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| The elements in the periodic table are arranged by | # of electron valances
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| The period table is arranged by all the known elements in order of | Increasing atomic number
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| Most of the elements on the periodic table are | Metals
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| In chemical combinations non metals tend to | gain electrons
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| Share the propeties of metals and non- metals | Metalloids
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| Gain electrons | Non-Metals
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| High melting point | Metals
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| Description of a chemical reaction using symbols and formulas | Equation
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| Atom | smallest particle of an element that maintains the properties of that element
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| Atomic Mass | average mass of one atom of an element (from particles in the nucleus)
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| Atomic Number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; used to determine an element's position in the Periodic Table
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| Chemical Property | a characteristic of a substance that describes how it combines with other substances to form new ones
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| Electrical Charge | a property of a subatomic particle; positive (protons), negative, (electrons), or neutral (neutrons)
Electron
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| Electron Charge | the negatively charged space containing electrons that surrounds the atomic nucleus
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| Elements | a pure substance that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances
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| Valence Electron | electron(s) located in outer energy level (electron shell)
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| compound | A substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined.
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| electron | A negatively – charged particle that is located outside of the nucleus of the atom.
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| neutron | A particle with no charge that is located in the nucleus of the atom.
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| proton | A positively – charged particle that is located in the nucleus of an atom.
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| Solute | The part of a solution present in a smaller amount.
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| Solvent | The part of the solution present in a greater amount.
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| Acid | A substance that tastes sour, is corrosive to metal, turns blue litmus paper red, and produces hydrogen ions in water
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| Base | A substance that tastes bitter, is slippery, turns red litmus paper blue, and produces hydroxide ions in water.
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| Neutralization | When an acid reacts with a base to form water and a salt.
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| acidity (acid) | compounds that produce hydronium io
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| alkalinity (base) | compounds that produce hydroxide ions in water. A basic solution is one that has an 8-14 on the pH scale. Ex. Soap, ammonia, oven cleaner, antacids.
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| indicator | something you use to test a solution to find out whether it is acidic or basic (litmus paper)
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| what is a cation | an ion that loses electrons
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| what is an anion | an ion that gains electrons
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| what is a monatomic ion | one ion with a + or - charge
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| What do acids release | hydrogen ions (H+)
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| What do bases release | hydroxyl ions (OH-) when in solution
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| Acidic pH | Below pH 7
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| Basic pH | Above pH 7
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| Neutral pH | pH 7
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| Colour of universal indicator with a strong base | Purple
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| Colour of universal indicator with a strong acid | Red
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| Colour of universal indicator with a neutral solution | Green
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| Colour of universal indicator with a weak base | Blue/Turquoise
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| Colour of universal indicator with a weak acid | Orange/Yellow
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| Negatively charged ion | Anion
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| Positively charged ion | Cation
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| Positively charged atomic particle | Proton
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| Negatively charged atomic particle | Electron
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| Electron arrangement rule | 2, 8, 8
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| Products of acid + base reaction | Water + Salt
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| Products of an acid + metal carbonate reaction | Carbon dioxide + Water +
Salt
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| Hydrochloric acid formula | HCl
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| Sulfuric acid formula | H2SO4
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| Nitric acid formula | HNO3
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| Carbon dioxide formula | CO2
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| What do acids contain | Hydrogen ions H+
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| What do bases contain | Hydroxide ions OH-
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