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Chemistry
Flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Molecule | Chemically combined |
| A substance made up of more than one molecule is called | Mixture |
| A substance that can dissolve is water is said to be | Soluble |
| Water in salt water would be the | Solvent |
| Electrons charge | Negative |
| Protons charge | Postive |
| Neutrons Charge | Neutral |
| Postivly charged particle in the nucleus of an atom is the | Proton |
| The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called the | Atomic number |
| The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the | Atomic mass |
| The nucelus of an atom contains | Protons and Neutrons |
| The number at the top of each square on the peroidic table is the (= number of protons) | Atomic number |
| The horizontal rows of elements on the perodic table are | Periods |
| Elements in the same vertical coloum | Family |
| The elements in the periodic table are arranged by | # of electron valances |
| The period table is arranged by all the known elements in order of | Increasing atomic number |
| Most of the elements on the periodic table are | Metals |
| In chemical combinations non metals tend to | gain electrons |
| Share the propeties of metals and non- metals | Metalloids |
| Gain electrons | Non-Metals |
| High melting point | Metals |
| Description of a chemical reaction using symbols and formulas | Equation |
| Atom | smallest particle of an element that maintains the properties of that element |
| Atomic Mass | average mass of one atom of an element (from particles in the nucleus) |
| Atomic Number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom; used to determine an element's position in the Periodic Table |
| Chemical Property | a characteristic of a substance that describes how it combines with other substances to form new ones |
| Electrical Charge | a property of a subatomic particle; positive (protons), negative, (electrons), or neutral (neutrons) Electron |
| Electron Charge | the negatively charged space containing electrons that surrounds the atomic nucleus |
| Elements | a pure substance that cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances |
| Valence Electron | electron(s) located in outer energy level (electron shell) |
| compound | A substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined. |
| electron | A negatively – charged particle that is located outside of the nucleus of the atom. |
| neutron | A particle with no charge that is located in the nucleus of the atom. |
| proton | A positively – charged particle that is located in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Solute | The part of a solution present in a smaller amount. |
| Solvent | The part of the solution present in a greater amount. |
| Acid | A substance that tastes sour, is corrosive to metal, turns blue litmus paper red, and produces hydrogen ions in water |
| Base | A substance that tastes bitter, is slippery, turns red litmus paper blue, and produces hydroxide ions in water. |
| Neutralization | When an acid reacts with a base to form water and a salt. |
| acidity (acid) | compounds that produce hydronium io |
| alkalinity (base) | compounds that produce hydroxide ions in water. A basic solution is one that has an 8-14 on the pH scale. Ex. Soap, ammonia, oven cleaner, antacids. |
| indicator | something you use to test a solution to find out whether it is acidic or basic (litmus paper) |
| what is a cation | an ion that loses electrons |
| what is an anion | an ion that gains electrons |
| what is a monatomic ion | one ion with a + or - charge |
| What do acids release | hydrogen ions (H+) |
| What do bases release | hydroxyl ions (OH-) when in solution |
| Acidic pH | Below pH 7 |
| Basic pH | Above pH 7 |
| Neutral pH | pH 7 |
| Colour of universal indicator with a strong base | Purple |
| Colour of universal indicator with a strong acid | Red |
| Colour of universal indicator with a neutral solution | Green |
| Colour of universal indicator with a weak base | Blue/Turquoise |
| Colour of universal indicator with a weak acid | Orange/Yellow |
| Negatively charged ion | Anion |
| Positively charged ion | Cation |
| Positively charged atomic particle | Proton |
| Negatively charged atomic particle | Electron |
| Electron arrangement rule | 2, 8, 8 |
| Products of acid + base reaction | Water + Salt |
| Products of an acid + metal carbonate reaction | Carbon dioxide + Water + Salt |
| Hydrochloric acid formula | HCl |
| Sulfuric acid formula | H2SO4 |
| Nitric acid formula | HNO3 |
| Carbon dioxide formula | CO2 |
| What do acids contain | Hydrogen ions H+ |
| What do bases contain | Hydroxide ions OH- |
Created by:
lucya
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