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Ecology Vocabulary: Ecosystems

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Term
Definition
Species   like members of a group of organisms that naturally mate with one another and produce fertile offspring (the babies can have babies too)  
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Biodiversity   All the different types of organisms in an ecosystem. The greater the variety (amount of different species), the more stable the ecosystem is.  
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Ecology   the study of living things in their natural environment  
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Ecosystem   all the living and nonliving parts of an environment that depend on each other  
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Population   a group of the same species in a given area (a group of mountain lions in a forest)  
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Community   all the populations (living species) in an area  
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Biotic factor   features of the environment that are alive or were once alive (ex. dead tree)  
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Abiotic factor   the nonliving/never living natural parts of an ecosystem example: air, water, sunlight, rocks  
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Limiting Factors   anything that restricts the number of organisms that can live in an ecosystem example: amount of food, water, shelter, predators  
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Carrying Capacity   the largest number of individuals of a particular species that an ecosystem can support over time  
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Ecological Succession   the process of change in an ecosystem over time (for example: pond dries up & becomes a field, which eventually becomes a forest)  
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Symbiosis   any relationship between 2 species (can be helpful or harmful). Can be classified as mutualism (helps both species), commensalism (helps one and does not affect the other) or parasitism (helps one species while harming the other)  
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organism   a form of life /a living thing  
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environment   an organism's surroundings  
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interdependence   a relationship where both things depend on or affect each other  
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competition   when organisms struggle for a limited supply of resources in an ecosystem  
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resource   things in the environment that are necessary for survival (food, air, space, water, a mate, etc.  
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climax community   refers to all the living things in a very stable ecosystem that has changed over many years (an old growth forest)  
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overpopulation   too many of a species living in an area with not enough resources  
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Created by: tmiron
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