Mrs. Buchanan - Semester 2 Exam
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| A scientific explanation of how or why something occurs in the natural world | theory
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| A scientific description of the behavior of something in the natural world | scientific
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| The body of information needed to develop a theory | empirical evidence
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| Convert 300g to kg | .3kg
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| convert 5000mL to L | 5L
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| Layer of the Earth that is hottest and most dense | inner core
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| Layer of the Earth that is a hot metal liquid | outer core
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| Outermost layer of the Earth, like the skin of an apple | crust
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| The layers that make up the lithosphere are | crust and outer mantle
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| Which is thinner, continental or oceanic crust? | oceanic
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| Which is less dense, continental or oceanic crust? | continental
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| Which property of Earth results from movement of molten metal in the outer core? | magnetism
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| In which direction do liquid and gas molecules go as the heat up? | they move upward
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| What happens to the density of molecules when they cool down? | increase
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| Which process powers the movement of tectonic plates? | convection
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| Which type of plate boundary results in mid ocean ridges? | divergent
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| Which type of plate boundary results in earthquakes? | transform
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| Which type of boundary results in mountain building? | convergent
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| A divergent boundary is also known as what type of zone? | rifting
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| At a subduction zone, which plate will subduct? | the more dense one
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| What evidence did Wegener have to support the theory of continental drift | fossil distribution, climate change, puzzle pieces, rock layers
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| What evidence supports the theory of seafloor spreading? | alternating magnetism in rocks, age of rocks, pillow rocks
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| Which type of rock is classified based on mineral size? | sedimentary
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| Which type of rock is classified based on pattern? | metamorphic
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| Which type of rock is classified based on where it is formed? | igneous
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| Which type of igneous rock forms inside the earth? | intrusive igneous
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| Which type metamorphic rock has parallel bands? | foliated
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| Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the remains of once living organisms? | organic
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| Which type of rock is formed by the process of lithification? | sedimentary
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| Which process causes any rock type to turn into magma? | melting
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| Which process causes any rock type to turn into sediment? | weathering and erosion
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| Which process compacts and cements sediment into rock? | lithificaiton
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| Name the principle that describes the relative ages of rocks | Principle of Superposition
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| According to the principle that describes the relative ages of rocks, where is the oldes rock located | in the lowest layer
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| What does absolute age of a rock measure? | number of years since formation
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| What does relative age of a rock measure? | age compared only to other rocks
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| Different forms of an atom are called _____________ | isotopes
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| Define ½ life | number of years it takes for one half of the parent isotope to decay into daughter material
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| Scientists study the molecular properties of a rock to determine the ___________ age | absolute
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| Sequence the stages of mitosis | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
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| Different forms of a gene are called | alleles
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| A capital letter represents a ___________ allele | dominant
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| A lower case letter represents a _________________ allele | recessive
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| WW is which kind of genotype? | homozygous dominant
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| ww is which kind of genotype? | homozygous recessive
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| Tt is which kind of genotype? | heterozygous
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| A person has a widow's peak, what are the possible genotypes? | WW or Ww
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| The sex chromosomes for males are | XY
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| The sex chromosomes for females are | XX
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| The genotypic ratio for the offspring of two parents who are both heterozygous for a trait is | 1 homozygous dominant:2heterozygous:1 homozygous recessive
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| How many cells result from mitosis? | 2
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| How many cells result from meiosis | 4
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| What is the genotypic ratio for the offspring of two parents who are both heterozygous for a trait? | 1 homozygous dominant:2heterozygous:1 homozygous recessive
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| What is the phenotypic ratio for the offspring of two parents who are both heterozygous for a trait? | 3 dominant:1 recessive
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| How many cell divisions occur in meiosis? | 2
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| Mitosis results in which type of reproduction? | asexual
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| Meiosis results in which type of reproductin? | sexual
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| The functions of mitosis are ________________ | growth, repair, replacement
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| The function of meiosis is _________________ | make gametes
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| A normal human has _________ chromosomes in all body cells | 46
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| The _________________ is the basic unit of inheritance | gene
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| All of an organism's genetic material | genome
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| Which type of cells can develop into any other type of cell in the body | stem cells
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| Name the type of biotechnology that slows down the ripening of fruit and vegetables in order to preserve them during transportation | genetically modified crops
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| Name the type of biotechnology that allows parents to have their pbaby tested for the diesease, PKU | genetic screening
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| Name the type of biotechnology used by scientists to create a goat that produces spider's silk in its milk | transgenic animals
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| name the type of biotechnology that can be used to treat diseases | gene therapy
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| name the type of biotechnolgy used to create Dolly the sheep | cloning
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| The area of science that questions whether something is right or wrong | ethics
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| in which type of biotechnology can viruses be used to “deliver” DNA | gene therapy
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| Explain what happens to the amount of available energy as you move from primary producer to quaternary consumer | it decreases
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| identify the trophic level of plants | producer
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| What is the most common energy source on Earth | Sun
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| Name the symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit | mutualism
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| An herbivore is categorized in which trophic level? | primary consumer
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| Name the symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other is not effected | commensalism
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| Name the symbiotic relationship in which one species benfits and the other is harmed parasitism | parasitism
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| An animal that is eaten by another animal on a higher trophic level | prey
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| Which type of symbiotic relationship exists when bacteria causes an infection | parasitism
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| The organism that a parasite feeds on is called a | host
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| Hibernation is what type of adaptation | physiological
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| functions of adaptations | protection, movement, feeding, attack, to suit their habitat
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| Adaptations that appear externally | structural
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| Adaptations that develop as a result of an organism's interactions with its environment | behavioral
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| Sharp teeth are what type of adaptation? | structural
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| Being nocturnal is what type of adaptations | behavioral
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| Camouflage is what type of adaptation | structural
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| The scientist who developed the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics | Lamarcke
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| The scientist who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection | Darwin
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| Which type of structures develop from convergent evolution | analogous
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| Which type of structures develop from divergent evolution | divergent
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| Where does the most recent event appear on a geologic time scale | top
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| An animal that copies another more dangerous animal is using | mimicry
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| An animal whose color blends in with its surroundings | concealing coloration
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| An animal that looks like an object in the environment | disguise
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| An animal that has a dark back and light belly uses which type of camouflage | countershading
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| What does the number of differences in DNA between two species tell scientists | when the species branched from an ancestor
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| How does biodiversity effect natural selection | Increased biodiversity = better chance of survival
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| Scientists believe that whales evolved from what type of animal | terrestrial mammal
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| What evidence do scientists have in support of whale evolution | DNA similarity,transitional fossils, embryo development
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