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Techniques of melodic composition

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Question
Answer
Plainsong   Singing is unaccompanied, melody is modal and moves mostly by step, monophonic  
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Serialism   Tone row (uses all 12 pitches), atonal, 20th century, Schoenberg  
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Impressionism   Based on whole-tone scale, sounds dreamy, links to impressionist art, Debussy  
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Blues   African-American slave trade, call and response, improvisation, blues scale, 12 bar blues: I, IV and V, syncopation  
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Indian Classical Music   Improvisation, Rag (like a scale), Tabla, Tal (cycle of beats), Sitar plays melody  
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Gamelan   Indonesia, cycles of melodies at different speeds, metallic instruments  
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Vocal (choral) music   Choir - soprano (high female), alto (low female), tenor (high male), baritone, bass (low male)  
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Binary form   A B  
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Ternary form   A B A or A B A1  
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Rondo form   A B A C A D A (A - refrain; B, C, D - episodes)  
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Song structure   Intro, verse 1, bridge, chorus, verse 2, bridge, chorus, middle 8, chorus, outro  
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Salsa structure   Intro, verse, break, montuno, mambo, montuno, ending  
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Baroque (1600 - 1750)   Simple, decorated melody, mainly primary chords, dialogue and imitation between instruments, small orchestra, harpsichord, Bach, Handel, Vivaldi  
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Classical (1750 - 1830)   Simple melody, mainly primary chords, balanced phrases, question and answer, small-medium sized orchestra, Mozart, Haydn  
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Romantic (1830 - 1913)   Lyrical melodies, richer chords, often chromatic, quick modulations, pieces much longer, large orchestra, Schubert, Brahms, Chopin, Wagner, Mahler  
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