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OCR AoS 2
Techniques of melodic composition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Plainsong | Singing is unaccompanied, melody is modal and moves mostly by step, monophonic |
| Serialism | Tone row (uses all 12 pitches), atonal, 20th century, Schoenberg |
| Impressionism | Based on whole-tone scale, sounds dreamy, links to impressionist art, Debussy |
| Blues | African-American slave trade, call and response, improvisation, blues scale, 12 bar blues: I, IV and V, syncopation |
| Indian Classical Music | Improvisation, Rag (like a scale), Tabla, Tal (cycle of beats), Sitar plays melody |
| Gamelan | Indonesia, cycles of melodies at different speeds, metallic instruments |
| Vocal (choral) music | Choir - soprano (high female), alto (low female), tenor (high male), baritone, bass (low male) |
| Binary form | A B |
| Ternary form | A B A or A B A1 |
| Rondo form | A B A C A D A (A - refrain; B, C, D - episodes) |
| Song structure | Intro, verse 1, bridge, chorus, verse 2, bridge, chorus, middle 8, chorus, outro |
| Salsa structure | Intro, verse, break, montuno, mambo, montuno, ending |
| Baroque (1600 - 1750) | Simple, decorated melody, mainly primary chords, dialogue and imitation between instruments, small orchestra, harpsichord, Bach, Handel, Vivaldi |
| Classical (1750 - 1830) | Simple melody, mainly primary chords, balanced phrases, question and answer, small-medium sized orchestra, Mozart, Haydn |
| Romantic (1830 - 1913) | Lyrical melodies, richer chords, often chromatic, quick modulations, pieces much longer, large orchestra, Schubert, Brahms, Chopin, Wagner, Mahler |
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