AP Psychology Biological Basis of Behavior Part One
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| show | a neural impulse - a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon
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| show | impairment of language - usually cause by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area or to Wernicke's area.
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| show | areas of the cerebral cortext that are not involved in primary motor or sensory functions - rather, they are involved in higher mental functions such as learning - remembering - thinking - speaking
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| axon | show 🗑
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| Biological Psychology | show 🗑
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| brainstem | show 🗑
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| show | the part of the brain at the back of the head that controls the activity of the muscles.
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| show | the intricate fabric of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebral hemispheres - the body's ultimate control and information processing center.
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| dendrite | show 🗑
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| show | the portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behid the forehead - involved in speaking and muscle movements and in amking plans and judgments.
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| glial cells | show 🗑
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| show | chemical messengers released mostly by endocrine system - They travel through blood stream and affect other tissues.
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| Lesion | show 🗑
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| nervous system | show 🗑
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| neuron | show 🗑
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| show | the field of study encompassing the various scientific disciplines dealing with the structure development function chemistry pharmacology and pathology of the nervous system.
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| show | the portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and toward the rear - receives sensory input for touch and body position.
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| show | a nerve netwrok in the brainstem that plays an important role in controlling arousal.
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| sensory cortex | show 🗑
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| synapse | show 🗑
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| Wernicke's area | show 🗑
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| myelin sheath | show 🗑
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| show | the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse.
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| show | This gland is located on the kidneys, they release hormones that trigger the body to respond to emergencies and high stress
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| hypothalamus | show 🗑
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| Ovary | show 🗑
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| show | This produces the hormones insulin and glucagon which control the level of glucose in the blood
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| show | Small glands in the neck that regulate calcium and phosphorous balance.
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| show | This produces hormones which regulate growth from infancy to adulthood and the amount of water in the blood
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| show | This is one of the two male reproductive glands that produce spermatozoa and secrete androgens
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| show | This produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth
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| show | a layer of fatty tissue segmentally encasing the fibers of many neurons; enables vastly greater transmission speed of neural impulses as the impulse hops from one node to the next.
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| show | the level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse.
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| neurotransmitters | show 🗑
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| acetylcholine | show 🗑
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| endorphins | show 🗑
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| central nervous system | show 🗑
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| peripheral nervous system | show 🗑
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| show | neural "cables" containing many axons. These bundled axons, which are part of the peripheral nervous system, connect the central nervous system with muscles, glands, and sense organs.
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| show | neurons that carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the central nervous system.
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| motor neurons | show 🗑
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| interneurons | show 🗑
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| show | the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles. Also called the skeletal nervous system.
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| show | the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs (such as the heart). Its sympathetic division arouses; its parasympathetic division calms.
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| sympathetic nervous system | show 🗑
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| show | the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy.
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| show | a simple, automatic, inborn response to a sensory stimulus, such as the knee-jerk response.
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| show | interconnected neural cells. With experience, networks can learn, as feedback strengthens or inhibits connections that produce certain results. Computer simulations of neural networks show analogous learning.
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| endocrine system | show 🗑
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| show | an amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain's surface. These waves are measured by electrodes placed on the scalp.
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| show | a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task.
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| show | a technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to produce computer-generated images that distinguish among different types of soft tissue; allows us to see structures within the brain.
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| fMRI | show 🗑
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| show | the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat and breathing.
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| limbic system | show 🗑
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| show | two lima bean-sized neural clusters that are components of the limbic system and are linked to emotion.
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| plasticity | show 🗑
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| corpus callosum | show 🗑
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| show | a condition in which the two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers (mainly those of the corpus callosum) between them.
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