N170 IV Fluid Study Aid
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Diffusion | Movement of molecules from a solution of higher concentration to a solution of lower concentration
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| Osmotic Pressure | Water movement across a semipermeable membrane which is caused by the solution of higher solute concentration exerts pressure to move water across the membrane to equalize the concentration of the solution
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| Colloid Osmotic Pressure | The pull of H2O from interstitial spaces into the vascular compartment caused by plasma proteins
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| Colloids | Large protein molecules that do not dissolve in true solutions
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| Solutes | Substances that dissolve in liquids
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| Solvent | The component of a solution that can dissolve a solute.
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| Filtration | The process of movement of fluid and solutes across a membrane from one compartment to another.Movement if from area of higher pressure to lower pressure.
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| Osmosis | Movement of water across cell membranes from area of less concentration to area of greater concentration=H2O movement to dilute the concentration
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| 0.9% NaCl | Normal SalineIV fluid compatibile with most IV medications
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| Define Isotonic Solution | A solution in which the solutes and solvent are balanced.IV fluid therefore remains in the vascular compartent expanding vascular volume.
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| Purpose of Isotonic Solutions | Used to expand volume and maintain normal tonicity
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| Types of Isotonic Solutions | 0.9% NaCl,Lactated Ringers, & D5W (D5W is isotonic on initial administration but when metabolized expands the intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments.)
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| Define Hypotonic Solution | Solvent exceeds solute - has lesser concentration of solutes than plasma Treats cellular dehydration via a fluid shift from the vascular compartment into the cells.
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| Purpose of Hypotonic Solutions | Used to dilute excess serum electrolytes; Promotes elimination by the kidneys
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| Types of Hypotonic solution | 0.45% NaCl
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| Define Hypertonic Solution | Solutes exceed solvent - higher concentration of solutes than plasma. Causes a fluid shift from the cells into the vascular compartment therby expanding the vascular volume
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| Purpose of Hypertonic Solutions | Used to correct electrolyte imbalances
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| Types of Hypertonic solutions | D5.9 NaCl,D5 LRD5.45 NaCl
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| Syringe Pump | Use to infuse medications directly from a syringe. Can be programmed in mL/hr or units/hr
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| PCA | Patient Controlled AnalgesiaAllows patient to self administer IV medication to control pain.
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| Infusion Pump | IV device that maintains flow in mL/hr by displacing IV fluid at the prescribed rate via pressure.
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| Gravity IV | IV rate is calculated in drops per minute to deliver prescribed mL/hr
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| Nursing Implications with Isotonic IVF administration | Assess for signs and symptoms of hypervolemia: Bounding Pulse, Shortness of Breath, Distended Neck Veins
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| Nursing Implications with Hypotonic IVF administration | Do not administer to clients at risk for thirsd space fluid shift of accumulation of EXF in a body space - can result in circulatory volume loss and potential for organ failure, or increased intracranial pressure.
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| Nursing Interventions for clients receiving IVF | Monitor Electrolytes, Monitor I&O, Assess Cardiac and Pulmonary status, Monitor infusion site.
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