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Week 6

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Question
Answer
Decision making   show
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Type 1 thinking   show
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show More reasoning based & complex  
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Influence of emotion in decision making   show
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Somatic marker hypothesis   show
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Incidental emotion   show
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Integral emotion   show
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show The finding that nondepressed individual are less accurate in their assessments  
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Myopic misery hypothesis   show
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show People with depression are worse at making decisions  
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show People's choices are better predicted by the values that they assign to gains & losses as opposed to the values they assign to certain outcomes. So people and prospect theory predict risk aversion behaviour. People are also bad at predicting their feeling  
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Framing effect   show
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show Tendency to do nothing when faced with making a decision.  
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Choice overload   show
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show People are affected by the decisions they had to make before (cesarean sections example)  
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Availability heuristic   show
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What is the availability heuristic influenced by?   show
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show When a correlation between two events appears to exist, but in reality there is no correlation, or it is weaker, than it is assumed to be  
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Recognition heuristic   show
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show the idea that people often make judgements based on how much one event resembles anohter event  
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back fire effect   show
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show probability of a conjunction of two events cannot be higher than the probability of the single constituents  
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show a person uses a specific target number or value as starting point (anchor) and adjusts that information until an acceptable value is reached over time. We  
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show the larger the n, the more representative of the population  
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Hindsight bias   show
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Myside bias   show
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show Selectively looking for information that conforms to a hypothesis and overlooking information that argues against it.  
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Base rate   show
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2 types of decision makers   show
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show Aiming for satisfactory or adequate result, rather than optimal solution  
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show Putting maximum exertion toward attaining the ideal outcome  
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Mental model approach   show
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show A type of problem used to test reasoning  
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show To test a rule, it is necessary to look for situations that would falsify the rule  
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show Suggests that emotion-relation signals may bias certain choices, either consciously or unconsciously  
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show Assumes that people are basically rational.  
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show People have tendency to think a syllogism is valid if its conclusion is believable.  
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Deductive reasoning   show
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Top-down reasoning (deductive reasoning)   show
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Syllogism (introduced by Aristotle)   show
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Categorical syllogism   show
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3 steps in the mental model of reasoning   show
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show ''If...then'' syllogism  
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What did the wason four-card vs drinking beer problem show?   show
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show We can trace many properties of our minds to the evolutionary principles of natural selection  
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Social exchange theory   show
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show Using evidence to reach a conclusion  
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show Goes from specific observations to broader generalizations. Basis for most scientific reasoning.  
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Factors contributing to strength of an inductive argument (3)   show
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