2nd semester Biology vocab
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Autotroph | An organism that produces it's own food through photosynthesis, also known as a producer.
🗑
|
||||
| Heterotroph | An organism that cannot make it's own food so it has to consume other organisms for energy, also known as a consumer.
🗑
|
||||
| Food Web | Multiple overlapping food chains in a particular ecosystem.
🗑
|
||||
| Matter | The substance that all things are made up of.
🗑
|
||||
| Food Chain | A diagram that shows the flow of energy between organisms in a particular ecosystem.
🗑
|
||||
| Producer | An organism that produces it's own food through photosynthesis, also known as an autotroph.
🗑
|
||||
| Consumer | An organism that cannot make it's own food so it has to consume other organisms for energy, also known as a heterotroph.
🗑
|
||||
| Decomposer | An organism that breaks down dead or dying organisms to return their nutrients back into the ecosystem.
🗑
|
||||
| Herbivore | A consumer that only eats producers or plants.
🗑
|
||||
| Omnivore | A consumer that eats both producers and other consumers.
🗑
|
||||
| Carnivore | A consumer that eats only other consumers.
🗑
|
||||
| Scavenger | A consumer that eats only dead or dying consumers
🗑
|
||||
| Energy Pyramid | A triangular diagram illustrating that the amount of energy at each level of a food chain decreases.
🗑
|
||||
| Competition | The relationship between organisms in the same ecosystem fighting or competiting for limited resources, such as food, water, space, or mates.
🗑
|
||||
| Biodiversity | The abundance of living things in a particular ecosystem.
🗑
|
||||
| Predation | The relationship between at least two organisms in which one hunts and kills the other for food.
🗑
|
||||
| Predator | The organism that is hunting it's prey for food.
🗑
|
||||
| Prey | The organism that is being hunted as food.
🗑
|
||||
| Adaption | A characteristic that allows an organism to survive in it's environment, such as camouflage, having sharp teeth, or being able to run fast.
🗑
|
||||
| Organism | One individual of one species in a particular ecosystem.
🗑
|
||||
| Population | All of the organisms of the same species in a particular ecosystem.
🗑
|
||||
| Community | All of the differing populations of organisms living together in one ecosystem.
🗑
|
||||
| Ecosystem | All of the living and nonliving parts of a particular area.
🗑
|
||||
| Carbon Cycle | How carbon is cycled in the environment. Through photosynthesis & respiration.
🗑
|
||||
| Nitrogen Cycle | How nitrogen is cycled in the environment, helping plants to grow with the help of nitrogen fixing bacteria and bacteria that aid in the denitrification process.
🗑
|
||||
| Phosphorous Cycle | How phosphorus is cycled in the environment through weathering.
🗑
|
||||
| Keystone Species | a species that is vital to the survival and health of an environment.
🗑
|
||||
| Invasive Species | A species that is not native to the area in which it is living. This can seriously damage the ecosystem.
🗑
|
||||
| Primary Succession | The creation of a new ecosystem where one has never existed before. Begins with pioneer species likes lichens and mosses, which create soil/dirt
🗑
|
||||
| Biosphere | All of Earth's Life supporting features.
🗑
|
||||
| Secondary Succession | The rebuilding of an ecosystem after it has been lost as a result of human activity like logging/deforestation or after a natural disaster like a tornado or fire
🗑
|
||||
| Pioneer Species | The first species to grow and live in an new environment, like lichens and mosses, which help to create soil/dirt where there wasn't any before
🗑
|
||||
| Abiotic Factors | The non-living factors in an ecosystem, such as sunlight, oxygen/air, temperature, precipitation, rocks/soil.
🗑
|
||||
| Biotic Factors | All the living factors in an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, fungi and bacteria.
🗑
|
||||
| Logistic Growth Curve | an s-shaped curved graph where the population growth rises until it meets it's carrying capacity, at which point it stabilizes or becomes constant
🗑
|
||||
| Exponential Growth Curve | a j-shaped graph where the population growth rises without stopping, this is a result of unlimited resources
🗑
|
||||
| Limiting Factors | factors in the environment that limit a population's growth
🗑
|
||||
| Density Dependent Limiting Factors | factors that limit a populations growth based on the population size. Ex: space, mates, food and water
🗑
|
||||
| Density Independent Limiting Factors | factors that limit a population's growth that DO NOT depend on the population size, typically abiotic factors like, fires, floods, tornados, or human activity
🗑
|
||||
| Natural Selection | organisms with beneficial traits survive and reproduce to pass on the beneficial trait to future offspring
🗑
|
||||
| Charles Darwin | a naturalist who traveled to the Galapagos Islands and begin the theory of Evolution
🗑
|
||||
| Fossils | remains of previously living organisms that provide scientists with evidence of how organisms have changed over time
🗑
|
||||
| Embryology | the idea that organisms have evolved from a common ancestor because embryos of differing organisms appear similar
🗑
|
||||
| Homologous Structures | the idea that organisms have evolved from a common ancestor because some structures of differing organisms appear similar
🗑
|
||||
| Vestigial Structures | the idea that organisms have evolved over time because there are remaining structures in some organisms that are no longer being used today
🗑
|
||||
| Mimicry | a harmless organism's appearance looking similar to a harmful organism
🗑
|
||||
| Camouflage | an organism blending into its surroundings
🗑
|
||||
| Evolution | change in a species over time
🗑
|
||||
| Variation | naturally occurring differences in the species ca be beneficial leading to eventual adaptations
🗑
|
||||
| Darwin's Finches | birds that Charles Darwin found on the Galapagos Islands that demonstrate change in a species over time due to limited food resources
🗑
|
||||
| Comparative Morphology | the scientific study of structures of organisms
🗑
|
||||
| Analogous Structures | structures in genetically different organisms that have the same function due to environmental requirements, like fins of a fish and flippers on a penguin
🗑
|
||||
| Gradualism | the idea that evolution occurred gradually, over a long period of time
🗑
|
||||
| Punctuated Equilibrium | the idea that evolution occurs in quick bursts, followed by periods of stability
🗑
|
||||
| Directional Evolution | the evolution of a species in which one variation of a trait is favored over all others
🗑
|
||||
| Stabilizing Evolution | the evolution of a species in which the average or median variation of traits is favored over both extremes
🗑
|
||||
| Disruptive Evolution | the evolution of a species in which both extreme variations of traits are favored over the average or median trait
🗑
|
||||
| Geographic Isolation | the isolation of a population of a species due to geographic features like mountains, lakes, streams, etc., resulting in two species to be developed over time.
🗑
|
||||
| Allelic Frequency | the percentage of a specific allele appearing in a population. Calculated by taking the total number of alleles available in the population and dividing it by the number of the specific allele you're looking for.
🗑
|
||||
| Adaptive Radiation | the creation of a variety of new species evolving from a common ancestor, such as Darwin's Finches
🗑
|
||||
| Behavioral Adaptations | adaptations in an organism that are behaviors, such as mating dances, mating calls, migration, hibernation
🗑
|
||||
| Structural Adaptations | adaptations in an organism that are a part of its structure, or how its built, such as hollow bones in birds, gills for fish, wings for insects that fly
🗑
|
||||
| Physiological Adaptations | adaptations in an organism that its body naturally makes, such as venom, poison, ink, etc.
🗑
|
||||
| Convergent Evolution | organisms that do not have a common ancestor, but develop common characteristics due to their environment. Ex: dolphins and fish and penguins
🗑
|
||||
| Divergent Evolution | organisms that DO have a common ancestor but have become more and more different over time. Ex: wolves and dogs
🗑
|
||||
| Transgenic Organism | the product of recombinant DNA, where DNA from 2 different organisms are combined together. Ex: glowing cats
🗑
|
||||
| DNA Fingerprint | the result of gel electrophoresis. compares DNA from multiple sources. Used in Forensics to identify suspects, also used in paternity
🗑
|
||||
| Restriction Enzymes | used to cut DNA into smaller pieces
🗑
|
||||
| Recombinant DNA | combining 2 or more segments of DNA from other organisms to create transgenic organisms
🗑
|
||||
| Gene Therapy | using a virus to replace mutated or damaged genes that can lead to a person not being able to create specific proteins
🗑
|
||||
| Gel Electrophoresis | Process that separates DNA pieces by size using an electrical current to which creates a DNA fingerprint
🗑
|
||||
| Cloning | creating a genetically identical copy of a cell, tissue, organ or organism
🗑
|
||||
| Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) | organisms that have had their genes modified in a science lab to make them: produce more, healthier, or pesticide/herbicide resistant options
🗑
|
||||
| STEM Cell | "blank" or jobless cells that can be programmed by doctors and scientists to become specialized for the use in replacing damaged cells due to disease or injury
🗑
|
||||
| Endosymbiotic Theory | The theory of how eukaryotic cells have developed from prokaryotic cells
🗑
|
||||
| Archae | The domain containing prokaryotic bacteria, that like extreme locations like underwater vents and acid pools
🗑
|
||||
| Eukrya | The domain containing eukaryotic organisms, including Protists, Fungi, Plants and Animals
🗑
|
||||
| Taxonomic Levels of Classification | Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
🗑
|
||||
| Taxonomy | branch of Biology that groups and names organisms
🗑
|
||||
| Prokaryote | an organism without a nucleus; genetic material floats freely throughout the organism
🗑
|
||||
| Eukaryote | an organism that has its genetic material contained inside a nucleus
🗑
|
||||
| Classification | the process of grouping organisms together by similarities
🗑
|
||||
| Archaebacteria | prokaryotic, unicellular, heterotroph & autotroph, lives in harsh environments, has a cell wall without peptidoglycan
🗑
|
||||
| Eubacteria | prokaryotic, unicellular, heterotroph & autotroph, "true bacteria", cell walls with peptidoglycan, found in most areas
🗑
|
||||
| Protista | eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, heterotroph & autotroph, most varied group, some have cell walls some do not, can reproduce sexually or asexually
🗑
|
||||
| Fungi | eukaryotic, unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophs, decomposers, cell walls made of chitin
🗑
|
||||
| Plantae | eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic, cell walls made of cellulose, reproduces sexually & asexually
🗑
|
||||
| Animalia | eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophs, no cell walls, reproduce sexually
🗑
|
||||
| Phylogenetic Tree/Cladogram | a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships & how closely or distantly related organisms are
🗑
|
||||
| Heterotroph | cannot produce its own energy and therefore must consume other organisms
🗑
|
||||
| Autotroph | can produce its own energy, typically through photosynthesis
🗑
|
||||
| Multicellular | made of two or more cells
🗑
|
||||
| Unicellular | made of only 1 cell
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
DrMacKay
Popular Biology sets