Neurology
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| MRI: T1/T2 | show 🗑
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| show | usually MRI (if CI: myelogram)
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| Nuclear imaging: indications | show 🗑
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| show | should smile
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| suprasellar cistern appearance (if healthy): | show 🗑
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| Trauma/Bleeds: imaging of choice | show 🗑
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| Head trauma: 5 questions | show 🗑
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| Lucid interval seen in what trauma? | show 🗑
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| epidural hematoma: appearance on CT | show 🗑
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| show | usually venous (bridging veins in space)
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| show | Acceleration/ Deceleration injury; Veins transversing subdural space
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| show | Cross suture lines and extends over larger area; Crescent shaped
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| show | Trauma, Drugs, or Ruptured Aneurysm. Sx: thunderclap/ worst HA of my life
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| SAH: appearance on CT | show 🗑
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| show | Floating palate, fx maxillary sinus
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| show | Pyramidal fx, medial orbital and lateral maxilla
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| show | Craniofacial disjunction, horizontal orbits
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| show | comminuted floor fx: herniated orbital contents; inf rectus mx entrap or vert diplopia d/t edema; blood in max sinus when orbital trauma
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| show | prob not need CT, but need look in nose
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| Spine x-ray: 5 lines | show 🗑
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| Spondylolisthesis: look also for: | show 🗑
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| Normal disk on MRI: | show 🗑
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| Degenerative disk on MRI: | show 🗑
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| show | Demyelination; Cysts; Infarction; Tumor
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| show | patchy T2 signal; may be d/t: MS; Post infectious Myelitis; Compressive Myelopathy; Post Radiation
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| Spinal cord infarction on MRI | show 🗑
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| show | Ependymomas; Astrocytomas; Hemangioblastomas; Mets
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| CVA | show 🗑
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| Edema on MRI | show 🗑
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| show | Not dx; only to r/o other conditions that would CI some tx (tumor, bleed)
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| show | MCA stroke
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| CVA on CT | show 🗑
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| Brain neoplasm: imaging of choice | show 🗑
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| Brain neoplasm: presentation | show 🗑
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| show | Meninges, Ventricles, Skull
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| show | Brain parenchyma
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| Astrocytoma | show 🗑
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| Astrocytoma: Grade IV | show 🗑
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| Meningioma | show 🗑
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| show | 1/3 of all intracranial neoplasms; lung, breast, melanoma, colon, lymphoma, prostate
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| Brain neoplasm: imaging | show 🗑
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| Brain neoplasm: most common site for kids (unlike adults) | show 🗑
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| Head & Neck ca | show 🗑
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| Acute sinusitis | show 🗑
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| Chronic sinusitis: imaging: | show 🗑
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| Croup | show 🗑
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| show | Acute fever, dysphagia, stridor, sniffing position, resp fail; formerly H flu, now SP; Imaging: Thumb print sign
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| AIDS-related CNS infxn: imaging of choice | show 🗑
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| show | MR sensitive, but not diagnostic; Periventricular T2 bright signal: inflammation
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| NPH | show 🗑
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| show | early cerebritis (swollen/edema; high T2); late cerebritis (inc central necrosis; vasogenic edema at edges); early capsule; late capsule (well define ring)
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| Meningioma: imaging | show 🗑
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| show | Lesion is at subthalamic nucleus on left
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| show | Angiography is definitive. CT / MRI may not be thorough enough for smaller
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| show | Noncontrast CT > MRI. Avoid LP.
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| show | Diffusion weighted is more sensitive thatn nondiffusion weighted for cerebral ischemia
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| show | Absence (petit-mal) seizures
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| show | Normal head CT. Carotid Doppler: high grade stenosis (eg, left ICA). Also do MRA, CTA, catheter angiography
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| show | Carotid US normal (no brain large vessel problem)
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| show | pulse; EKG; 24-48 hr EKG; TTE (microcavitation); TEE
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| Asymptomatic carotid stenosis: dx studies | show 🗑
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| best modality to distinguish ischemic from hemorrhagic stroke: | show 🗑
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| show | arteriography; MRA more common (less invasive)
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| show | CT or MRI to r/o cerebral hemo; cardiac w/u; cbc, esr, coags, antiphospholipids; Poss echo, ecg, carotid doppler
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| show | CT (90%); CSF: hi opening P & bloody fluid; cerebral angiography, EEG
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| show | simple partial seizure
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| show | complex partial seizure
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| show | multiple characteristic white matter lesions or plaques: periventricular or subcortical U-fibers, corpus callosum lesions
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| show | Schumacher; Poser: Macdonald
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| show | abscess or tumor
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| Symptoms from plateau waves | show 🗑
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| show | H&P; CT +/- MRI; EEG; LP; PET
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| Trauma/Bleeds: imaging of choice | show 🗑
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| show | lenticular (biconvex)
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| subdural hematoma: appearance on CT | show 🗑
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| show | Linear, within cisterns and sulci; bleed follows outlines of the gyri
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| Normal vertebral disk on MRI: | show 🗑
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| Degenerative disk on MRI: | show 🗑
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| show | Demyelination; Cysts; Infarction; Tumor
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| show | patchy T2 signal; may be d/t: MS; Post infectious Myelitis; Compressive Myelopathy; Post Radiation
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| show | Gray Matter Affected Preferentially: H-pattern high T2 signal
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| show | T1: dark; T2: bright
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| show | Not dx; only to r/o other conditions that would CI some tx (tumor, bleed)
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| show | MRI
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| Brain neoplasm: imaging | show 🗑
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| show | MRI; 2/3 develop CNS infxn
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| MS imaging | show 🗑
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| show | Ventriculomegaly out of proportion to sulcal prominence
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| show | early cerebritis (swollen/edema; high T2); late cerebritis (inc central necrosis; vasogenic edema at edges); early capsule; late capsule (well define ring)
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| Meningioma: imaging | show 🗑
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| Ulnar neuropathy: Dx | show 🗑
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| show | EMG/NCS (distinguish from peroneal neuropathy); xray
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| Charcot-Marie-Tooth Dx: | show 🗑
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| show | CMT I: segmental demyelination; reduced motor & sensory conduction velocity; CMT II: axonal loss; normal/sl dec motor conduction, dec SNAPs; chronic partial denervation in affected mx
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| show | high CSF pro; EMG/NCS: dec motor velocity, sensory conduction
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| show | CSF protein normal; nerve bx; EMG/NCS: dec motor velocity, sensory conduction
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| show | NCS: slow S/M nerve conduction velocities; poss denervation/axonal loss; CSF high pro
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| MG dx studies | show 🗑
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| Huntington dz on CT | show 🗑
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| show | decreased glucose metab
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| Neuroimaging not needed when: | show 🗑
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| show | Neuro exam abnormal; progressively worsening HA; new persistent HA; new, rapid onset HA (thunderclap headache); HA does not respond to standard tx
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| lemon sign on US | show 🗑
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| banana sign on US | show 🗑
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| 5 steps to dx & tx pt w/suspected brain tumor | show 🗑
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| Fisher grade is used to: | show 🗑
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| show | classify severity of symptoms in SAH
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| Alzheimer dx | show 🗑
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| show | uses electrodes; record response to shock (amp & timing)
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| EMG | show 🗑
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| NCS / EMG utility: | show 🗑
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| show | to study conduction of CNS pathways; electrodes on scalp; brain potentials recorded in response to stim
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| Evoked potential studies: 3 kinds: | show 🗑
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| Evoked potential studies: useful to dx: | show 🗑
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| Visual evoked potential: optic neuritis: | show 🗑
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| SSEP | show 🗑
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| Acoustic neuroma (vestibular schwannoma): dx with: | show 🗑
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| Causes of ring-enhancing lesion (mnemonic) | show 🗑
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| show | tuberous sclerosis complex
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Created by:
Abarnard
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