Notes
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Air masses move from areas of _____ pressure to areas of ____ pressure. | high to low
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| The ____ _____ is the deflection of wind due to the earth's rotation. | Coriolis effect
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| Air masses are classified according to their _. | source regions
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| _______ air masses tend to be moist. | maritime
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| _ air masses tend to be dry. | continental
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| The earth's rotation creates 3 major wind cells: | trade, prevailing, and polar
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| Trade winds blow from _ to _. | east; west
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| Prevailing ( _______) blow from _______ to ______. | westerlies; west to east
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| Polar ( ______ )blow __ to _. | easterlies; east to west
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| The USA is infuence by the ___ winds. | prevailing
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| USA is infuenced by _ air masses in _ different regions. | 7;7
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| All continental air is _. | dry
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| All maritime is _. | moist
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| Tropical are _. | warm
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| Polar are _. | cold
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| Sign for Polar Canadian | cP
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| Polar Canadian moves _. | southeast
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| Polar Canadian brings what to the US. | brings cools masses to northern US in the summer and cold, dry air in the winter
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| Sign for Polar Pacific | mP
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| Polar Pacific brings what to the US. | very moist but extremely cold; makes Pacific coast snowy and rainy- this air mass loses its moisture as it moves across the Sierra Nevada and Rockies
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| Polar Atlantic Sign | mP
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| Polar Atlantic forms over _. | north Atlantic
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| Polar Atlantic affects US by _. | affects New England with cold cloudy weather in winter and foggy, cool summers
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| Sign for Tropical continental. | cT
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| Tropical continental forms over -. | Mexico affects the Southwest; brings clear, dry, hot weather
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| Tropical gulf sign. | mT
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| Describe Tropical gulf. | forms over Gulf of Mexico- brings warm moist air to the US southeast summers are moist and hot, winters are mild and cloudy
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| Sign of Tropical Atlantic. | mT
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| Describe the Tropical Atlantic. | the same as Tropical gulf
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| Sign of Tropical Pacific. | mT
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| Describe the Tropical Pacific. | forms over the warmer Pacific- barely reaches the Pacific coast except during an El Nino when the warm moist air drifts closer to the Cali
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| What happens when in the mid-west, the warm moist air of the tropical gulf meets the dry cold air of the Polar Canadian when two opposite air masses meet: | area is called tornado alley because of the violent storms that trigger tornadoes
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| Hurricanes which form in the tropics off the coast of Africa ride this path of the Tropical Atlantic bringing hurricanes to the ________. | southeastern USA
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| When air masses meet, ________ usually keep the air masses separated. | temperture differences
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| The air of a cool air mass is _, and does not mix with the less _ air of a warm air mass. | dense
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| indefinite boundry between two air masses | front
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| cold front symbol |
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| the weather front was named because of the _ of air where two air masses meet | battle
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| symbol points in the direction where -. | the air is moving
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| cold air rushes in and _ warm air | lifts
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| Warm moist air rises quickly to form _. | clouds
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| Storms along a cold front are _ but _. | short; violent
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| A squall line forms along a _. | cold front
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| long line of heavy thunderstorms that may advance just ahead of a fast moving cold front | squall line
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| warm front symbol |
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| Slope of rising air is _ so clouds form _ over several hours. | gradual, gradually
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| Clouds form _ _ of the appearing warm air. | far ahead
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| What precedes a warm front? | a distinct pattern of clouds
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| pattern of clouds: | cirrus- cirrostratus- altostratus- stratus- nimbostratus
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| boundary formed where a cold air mass overtakes and lifts a warm air mass | cold front
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| boundary formed where a warm air mass overtakes and rises above a cold air mass | warm front
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| boundary formed where two air masses meet and neither is displaced | stationary front
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| boundary formed where a fast moving cold air mass overtakes and lifts a warm air mass completely cutting it off from the ground | occluded front
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| boundary formed where cold polar air meets the warmer air of the middle lats | polar front
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| Cold air masses produce _ pressure areas. | high
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| Cold air is heavy, so it is associated with a _ pressured area. | high
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| Low pressure = | warm air
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| fast moving cold front that overtakes warm front completely off the ground and the cold front then meets the cold front that was ahead of the lifted warm front and 2 cold air fronts meet and hold the warm air horizontally above them | occluded front
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| when temperatures of 2 air masses is very similar, neither can displace the other and weather is like a warm front and typically stays the same | stationary front
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| cap of cold air that is over the earth's polar region | polar front
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| Polar front sinks toward the _ latitudes and circles the earth between _ to _ degrees latitude in both hemispheres | middle; 40-60
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| In winter the air is colder and ___ and sinks farther _ toward the equator. | heavier; south
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| In winter the polar front averages as far south as ___ in the USA. | Florida
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| In summer, the air is not as _ so it retreats farther north. | dense
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| In summer, the cold front is typically _ of the Great Lakes. | north
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| high speed western river of air which separates the polar front from the warmer southern air | jet stream
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| The jet stream travels _______ than the surrounding air. | faster
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| cold front sign |
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| warm front sign |
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| occluded front sign |
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| stationary front sign |
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| ______ form within a front. | Waves
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| The waves within a front act like __ containing the air mass within its walls. | barrier
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| _ _ is a very large body of air which blows in a circular path around a warm moist low pressure area in thhe center | Wave cyclone
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| Winds circulate ______ in a ____ direction when in a wave cyclone. | inward; counter clockwise
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| Warm moist air trapped in the middle begins to rise, _ causes clouds and storms to occur. | condensation
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| So, low pressure areas are _ and _. | rainy and cloudy
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| anti means _ or _. | against or opposite
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| anti cyclones are waves of air moving in _ direction around a high pressure area. | an outward
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| High pressure consists of cold, _ air we cannot compress it. | dense
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| High pressure areas are associated with _ weather since sinking cold air has no _ factor. | fair; condensation
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| Anticyclone winds move in a _ direction. | clockwise
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| rates the intensity of a hurricane | Saffir - Simpson scale
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| Hurricanes develop in _. | doldrums at the equator
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| A hurricane is a wave cycle moving in a _ _ direction around a low pressure area. | counter clockwise
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| Hurricanes are areas of low pressure with rapid _. | evaporation
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| _ _ _ in the doldrums evaporate quickly. | Warm ocean water
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| Latent heat is produced by _ _ and _ gives the storm power. | rapid evaporation; condensation
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| As long as a hurricane is over water, _ intensifies the storm. | evaporation
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| Over land, the lack of moisture causes the storm to _ _. | die out
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| A hurricane affects a _ area. | large
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| The higher tides along the coast called _ _,causes the most damage during a hurricane. | storm surges
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| Hurricanes in the Atlantic were named by the natives of the Carribean from the word- | Hurakean which means evil spirit in the Myan language
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| Pacific hurricane | typhoon
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| smallest shortest most violent storm | tornado
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| measures the intensity of a tornado | Fujita scale
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| Tornado forms when a _. | thunderstorm meets high altitude horizontal winds which cause it to spin
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| The result of a tornado forming is _. | storm begins to rotate in the upper atmosphere
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| A tornado is a _ shaped cloud. | funnel
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| A tornado watch suggests that the weather conditions are _______. | favorable for a tornado.
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| A tornado warning is one that announces that a ________. | tornado has been spotted
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| When do El Ninos occur? | They occur when the easterly trade winds over the central and western pacific ocean weaken and that allows the wet moist air to go back eastward
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