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Memory

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Term
Definition
show The persistence of learning over time though the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information.  
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Encoding   show
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show The process of retaining encoded information over time.  
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Retrieval   show
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Parallel Processing   show
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Sensory Memory   show
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show Activated memory that holds a few items briefly, before the information is stored or forgotten.  
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show The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences.  
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show A newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory.  
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Explicit Memory   show
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Effortful Processing   show
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Automatic Processing   show
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Implicit Memory   show
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Iconic Memory   show
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show A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli, if attention is elsewhere; sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds.  
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Chunking   show
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Mnemonics   show
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Spacing Effect   show
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show Enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply rereading info. Also sometimes referred to as a retrieval practice effect or test-enhanced learning.  
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show Encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words.  
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show Encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words; tends to yield the best retention.  
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show A neural center located in the limbic system; helps process explicit memories for storage.  
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Flashbulb Memory   show
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Long-Term Potentiation (LTP)   show
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Recall   show
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show A measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple choice test.  
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Relearning   show
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Priming   show
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Mood-Congruent Memory   show
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show Our tendency to recall best the last (a recency effect) and first items (a primary effect) in a list.  
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Anterograde Amnesia   show
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show An inability to retrieve information from one's past.  
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Proactive Interference   show
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Retroactive Interference   show
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show In psychoanalytic theory the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories.  
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Misinformation Effect   show
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Source Amnesia   show
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Deja Vu   show
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Cognition   show
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show A mental grouping of simliar objects, events, ideas, or people.  
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Prototypes   show
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Creativity   show
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Covergent Thinking   show
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show Expands the number of possible problem solutions. (Creative thinking that diverges in different directions)  
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show A methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem. Contrasts with the usually speedier -- but also more error-prone -- use of heuristics.  
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show A simple thinking strategy that often allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently; usually speedier but also more error-prone than algorithms.  
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Insight   show
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Confirmation Bias   show
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Mental Set   show
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Intuition   show
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Representative Heuristic   show
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Availability Heuristic   show
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Overconfidence   show
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Belief Perseverance   show
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Framing   show
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Created by: emag
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