Modules 16-18
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| absolute threshold | the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time
🗑
|
||||
| bottom-up processing | analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information
🗑
|
||||
| change blindness | failing to notice changes in the environment
🗑
|
||||
| difference threshold | the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50% of the time
🗑
|
||||
| intattentional blindness | failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere
🗑
|
||||
| perception | the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
🗑
|
||||
| selective attention | the focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
🗑
|
||||
| sensation | the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment
🗑
|
||||
| sensory adaptation | diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation
🗑
|
||||
| signal detection theory | a theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise).
🗑
|
||||
| subliminal | below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness
🗑
|
||||
| top-down processing | information processing guide by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations
🗑
|
||||
| transduction | conversion of one form of energy into another. In sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies such as, sights, sounds, and smells into neural impulses our brain can interpret
🗑
|
||||
| Weber's law | the principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount)
🗑
|
||||
| accommodation | in sensation and perception, the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina
🗑
|
||||
| blind spot | the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a "blind" spot because no receptor cells are located there
🗑
|
||||
| cones | retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions. Detect fine detail and give rise to color sensations
🗑
|
||||
| feature detectors | nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement
🗑
|
||||
| fovea | the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's cones cluster
🗑
|
||||
| hue | the dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; what we know as the color names blue, green, and so forth
🗑
|
||||
| intensity | the amount of energy in a light or sound wave, which we perceive as brightness or loudness, as determined by the wave's amplitude
🗑
|
||||
| iris | a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening
🗑
|
||||
| lens | the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina
🗑
|
||||
| opponent-process theory | the theory that opposing retinal processes (red-green, yellow-blue, white-black) enable color vision
🗑
|
||||
| optic nerve | the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain
🗑
|
||||
| parallel processing | the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain's natural mode of information processing for many functions, including vision. Contrasts with step-by-step (serial) processing of most computers and of conscious problem solving
🗑
|
||||
| pupil | the adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters
🗑
|
||||
| retina | the light-sensitive inner surface of the eye, containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information
🗑
|
||||
| rods | retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don't respond
🗑
|
||||
| wavelength | the distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to peak of the next
🗑
|
||||
| Young-Helmholtz trichromatic (three-color) theory | the theory that retina contains three different color receptors-one most sensitive to red, one to green, one to blue--which, when stimulated in combination, can produce the perception of any color
🗑
|
||||
| extrasensory perception (esp) | the controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input; includes telepathy, clairvoyance, and precognition
🗑
|
||||
| perceptual set | a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not other
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
margaret_05
Popular Psychology sets