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PSYCH 3 - Neurobiolo

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
show the study of the parts and functions of neurons  
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neuron   show
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show rootlike parts that stretch out from the cell body that make synaptic connections with other neurons  
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show also known as the cell body; contains the nucleus and has a -70 charge.  
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axon   show
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myelin sheath   show
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show the branched end of an axon that contains neurotransmitters inside the vesicles.  
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neurotransmitters   show
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synapse   show
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show puzzle like pieces located on the ends of dendrites that neurotransmitters fit into to cause a change in the membrane of the neuron.  
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threshold   show
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action potential   show
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all or none principle   show
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show when a nerve impulse is sent out from a cell body and reaches a certain threshold, the action potential will fire and send the signal down the axon.  
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excitatory neurotransmitters   show
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inhibitory neurotransmitters   show
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acetylcholine   show
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show neurotransmitter that serves the function of mood and muscle memory. deficit results in Parkinson's and excess results in schizophrenia  
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show neurotransmitter that serves the function of alleviating pain. really addictive.  
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show neurotransmitter that serves the function of mood control, deficit results in clinical depression.  
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GABA   show
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show neurotransmitter that serves the functions of being excitatory and learning. deficits can result in migraines and seizures.  
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show neurotransmitter that serves the function of nurturing a newborn, and mother's love. deficit can result in post-partum depression when the levels of this are low or nonexistent.  
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Norepinephrine   show
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afferent (sensory) neurons   show
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show neurons that take information from the brain to other parts of the body to make the body move.  
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show system consists of all the nerves housed in bone including the skull and vertebrae.  
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show long bundle of nerves that extend from the brain through the spinal column of bone.  
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show system consists of all the nerves in the rest of the body excluding those contained in bones.  
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show system that controls all voluntary muscle movements and receives impulses from the motor cortex.  
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show system that controls all automatic functions such as the heart, lungs, organs, glands and reflects these functions in times of fight or flight  
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show system that mobilizes our body to respond to stress, is the alert system of the body and can accelerate some automatic functions and reserve others.  
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show system that slows down the sympathetic n.s. and the body after a stress response.  
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show events that weren't meant to reveal information about how the brain works. example: Phineas Gage's event.  
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show removal or destruction of the brain when necessary. example: frontal lobotomies.  
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EEG   show
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CAT   show
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show similar to a CAT scan but develops more detailed images of the brain with magnetic fields to determine things such as density and location of brain material.  
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PET   show
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show a scan that combines elements of a MRI and a PET scan and can tie brain structure and brain activity together.  
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show part of the brain located on the top of the spinal cord and controls the basic biological functions and is the life support system  
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Medulla   show
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Pons   show
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show part of the hindbrain that means "little brain" and coordinates habitual muscle movements.  
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Midbrain   show
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show part of the midbrain that controls body arousal and ability to focus. without it functioning we would fall into a deep coma  
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Forebrain   show
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Thalamus   show
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Hypothalamus   show
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show part of the forebrain connected to the hippocampus. responsible for experiences of emotion  
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show part of the forebrain connected with the amygdala that is vital to our memory system by processing memories first before they enter the cerebral cortex  
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show part of the brain involved with our behavioral and emotional responses, most are needed for survival such as feeding, reproduction, caring for young, and fight or flight responses.  
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show the gray wrinkled surface that is super thin and made up of densely packed neurons.  
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show the two divisions of the cerebral cortex containing the left and right.  
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show hemisphere of the cerebral cortex responsible for controlling motor functions of the right side of the body and believed to be used for logic and sequential thinking.  
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show hemisphere of the cerebral cortex responsible for controlling motor functions of the left side of body and believed to be for spacial and creative tasks.  
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show specialization in the functions of each hemisphere.  
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corpus callosum   show
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lobes   show
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association area   show
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show consists of the prefrontal cortex that directs thought processes such as emotional control, and contains Broca's area.  
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show part of the frontal lobe that controls the muscles involved in producing language or speech  
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show part of the temporal lobe that interprets written and spoken speech. problems with this area can affect the ability to understand language and syntax.  
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motor cortex   show
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show lobe located on top of brain behind the frontal lobe that contains the sensory cortex  
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sensory cortex   show
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occipital lobes   show
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temporal lobes   show
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show the ability of neurons to adapt and take over other functions if another area is damaged. younger brains are more likely to compensate damage.  
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show system of glands that secrete hormones and is controlled by the hypothalamus.  
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show glands that secrete adrenaline.  
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show identical twins that developed from one fertilized egg and have the same genetic DNA  
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