PSYCH 3 - Neurobiolo
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| show | the study of the parts and functions of neurons
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| show | individual nerve cell
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| dendrites | show 🗑
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| soma | show 🗑
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| show | wirelike structure that extends from the soma and ends at the terminal buttons
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| show | a fatty covering around the axon that speeds neural impulses.
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| terminal buttons | show 🗑
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| neurotransmitters | show 🗑
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| synapse | show 🗑
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| show | puzzle like pieces located on the ends of dendrites that neurotransmitters fit into to cause a change in the membrane of the neuron.
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| show | when enough neurotransmitters are received to open the selectively permeable membrane of a neuron.
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| show | a change in charge that causes the electric message to fire
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| show | a neuron either fires completely or it does not fire at all.
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| show | when a nerve impulse is sent out from a cell body and reaches a certain threshold, the action potential will fire and send the signal down the axon.
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| excitatory neurotransmitters | show 🗑
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| inhibitory neurotransmitters | show 🗑
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| acetylcholine | show 🗑
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| show | neurotransmitter that serves the function of mood and muscle memory. deficit results in Parkinson's and excess results in schizophrenia
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| show | neurotransmitter that serves the function of alleviating pain. really addictive.
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| serotonin | show 🗑
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| GABA | show 🗑
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| Glutamate | show 🗑
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| Oxytocin | show 🗑
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| show | neurotransmitter that serves the function of energy and alertness. deficit can result in depression.
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| afferent (sensory) neurons | show 🗑
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| show | neurons that take information from the brain to other parts of the body to make the body move.
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| show | system consists of all the nerves housed in bone including the skull and vertebrae.
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| spinal cord | show 🗑
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| show | system consists of all the nerves in the rest of the body excluding those contained in bones.
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| show | system that controls all voluntary muscle movements and receives impulses from the motor cortex.
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| show | system that controls all automatic functions such as the heart, lungs, organs, glands and reflects these functions in times of fight or flight
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| sympathetic nervous system | show 🗑
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| show | system that slows down the sympathetic n.s. and the body after a stress response.
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| accidents | show 🗑
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| show | removal or destruction of the brain when necessary. example: frontal lobotomies.
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| show | scan that detects brain waves in different stages of consciousness mostly used in sleep research to learn more about the stages of sleeping and dreaming.
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| show | a sophisticated X-ray that creates a 3D image of the brain to get more insight on only the structure of the brain. example: look for a tumor
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| MRI | show 🗑
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| show | scan that lets people see what areas of the brain are active during certain tasks and measures how much of a chemical (neurotransmitter) is being used in a specific part of brain.
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| fMRI | show 🗑
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| show | part of the brain located on the top of the spinal cord and controls the basic biological functions and is the life support system
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| show | part of hindbrain that controls blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing.
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| Pons | show 🗑
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| show | part of the hindbrain that means "little brain" and coordinates habitual muscle movements.
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| show | the smallest of the parts of brain that coordinates simple movements with sensory information.
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| Reticular formation | show 🗑
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| show | the part of the brain that controls thought and reason and makes humans "human"
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| show | part of the forebrain responsible for receiving sensory information and sending it to the appropriate areas of the brain.
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| Hypothalamus | show 🗑
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| show | part of the forebrain connected to the hippocampus. responsible for experiences of emotion
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| Hippocampus | show 🗑
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| Limbic system | show 🗑
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| show | the gray wrinkled surface that is super thin and made up of densely packed neurons.
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| show | the two divisions of the cerebral cortex containing the left and right.
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| show | hemisphere of the cerebral cortex responsible for controlling motor functions of the right side of the body and believed to be used for logic and sequential thinking.
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| show | hemisphere of the cerebral cortex responsible for controlling motor functions of the left side of body and believed to be for spacial and creative tasks.
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| show | specialization in the functions of each hemisphere.
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| corpus callosum | show 🗑
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| show | a collection of different areas and specific cortices.
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| show | any area of the cerebral cortex that is not associated with receiving sensory information and controlling motor movements
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| frontal lobes | show 🗑
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| broca's area | show 🗑
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| wernicke's area | show 🗑
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| motor cortex | show 🗑
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| parietal lobes | show 🗑
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| show | cortex that receives sensations from the rest of the body.
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| show | lobe located at the back of the brain which is responsible for interpreting messages from the retinas of our eyes. contains the visual cortex.
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| show | lobe located on the sides of the brain that receive impulses that are interpreted by the auditory cortices. contains the wernicke's area.
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| brain plasticity | show 🗑
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| endocrine system | show 🗑
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| show | glands that secrete adrenaline.
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| show | identical twins that developed from one fertilized egg and have the same genetic DNA
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