CARBOHYDRATES (PPT)
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| show | is a polyhydroxy aldehyde, a polyhydroxy ketone, or a compound that yields polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones upon hydrolysis.
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| carbohydrate glucose | show 🗑
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| carbohydrate fructose | show 🗑
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| Monosaccharides | show 🗑
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| Disaccharides | show 🗑
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| Oligosaccharides | show 🗑
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| Polysaccharides | show 🗑
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| Superimposable mirror images | show 🗑
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| Nonsuperimposable mirror images | show 🗑
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| chiral center | show 🗑
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| chiral | show 🗑
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| show | is a molecule whose mirror images are not superimposable
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| Stereoisomerism | show 🗑
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| show | have structures that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other
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| Diastereomers | show 🗑
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| Fischer projection formula | show 🗑
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| chiral center (Carbon) | show 🗑
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| D and L system | show 🗑
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| show | A six-carbon monosaccharide with an aldehyde functional group is an
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| show | a five-carbon monosaccharide with a ketone functional group is a
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| D-glucose | show 🗑
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| D-Fructose | show 🗑
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| D-Galactose | show 🗑
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| D-Ribose | show 🗑
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| show | -OH of C1 and CH2OH of C5 are on opposite sides
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| Beta-form | show 🗑
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| pyranose | show 🗑
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| show | one containing a five-atom ring is called
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| Haworth projection formula | show 🗑
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| show | both of these groups point in the same direction
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| show | the two groups point in opposite directions
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| OH groups in the Haworth projection formula. | show 🗑
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| Five important reactions of monosaccharides | show 🗑
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| Oxidation | show 🗑
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| Oxidation to acidic sugars | show 🗑
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| show | The carbonyl group in a monosaccharide (either an aldose or a ketose) is reduced to a hydroxyl group using hydrogen as the reducing agent.
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| show | general name for monosaccharide acetals is
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| glycoside | show 🗑
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| D-galactose and its derivatives. | show 🗑
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| show | The hydroxyl groups of a monosaccharide can react with inorganic oxyacids to form inorganic esters.
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| show | stable in aqueous solution and play important roles in the metabolism of carbohydrates.
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| show | one of the hydroxyl groups of a monosaccharide is replaced with an amino group
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| important building blocks of polysaccharides | show 🗑
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| show | Two monosaccharides can react to form
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| glycosidic linkage | show 🗑
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| Cellobiose | show 🗑
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| Cellobiose contains | show 🗑
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| Maltose | show 🗑
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| show | two D-glucose units, one of which must be a-D-glucose.
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| Lactose is made up of | show 🗑
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| show | is the major sugar found in milk
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| show | condition in which people lack the enzyme lactase needed to hydrolyze lactose to galactose and glucose.
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| Lactase | show 🗑
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| Deficiency of lactase | show 🗑
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| Sucrose | show 🗑
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| table sugar | show 🗑
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| polysaccharide | show 🗑
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| homopolysaccharide | show 🗑
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| show | is a polysaccharide in which more than one (usually two) type of monosaccharide monomer is present.
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| Starch | show 🗑
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| show | the other polysaccharide in starch, has a high degree of branching in its polyglucose structure
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| Glycogen | show 🗑
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| Cellulose | show 🗑
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| show | Similar to cellulose in both function and structure
it has a N-acetyl amino derivative of glucose
to give rigidity to the exoskeleton s of crabs, lobsters, shrimp, insects, and other arthropods.
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| show | polysaccharides with a repeating disaccharide unit containing an amino sugar and a sugar with a negative charge due to a sulfate or a carboxyl group
Hyaluronic acid
Heparin
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| show | Alternating residues of N-acetyl-b-D-glucosamine and D-glucuronic acid.
Highly viscous - serve as lubricants in the fluid of joints and part vitreous humor of the eye
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| Heparin | show 🗑
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| show | is a lipid molecule that has one or more carbohydrate (or carbohydrate derivative) units covalently bonded to it.
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| glycoprotein | show 🗑
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| ALDONIC ACID | show 🗑
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| ALDARIC ACID | show 🗑
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| show | is a carbohydrate containing both carboxylix and an aldehyde or ketone. Obtained by the oxidation.C
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| ALDITOL | show 🗑
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| show | Universal Donor
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| BLOOD TYPE AB | show 🗑
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| show | German chemist
One of the early greats in organic chemistry, Made fundamental discoveries about carbohydrates, proteins, and other natural products.
awarded the 2nd Nobel Prize in Chemistry
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| The fifth and sixth carbon species is the | show 🗑
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| show | molecule whose is mirror are superimposable.
- Do not possess handedness.
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| ALDOSES | show 🗑
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| KETOSE | show 🗑
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| show | is tasteless and the body cannot use it.
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| DEXTROSE | show 🗑
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| show | Blood contains glucose
70 to 100 milligrams per dl
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| show | british chemist
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