Chp 15 Lower Gastrointestinal System
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| List three divisions of the small bowel in descending order, starting with the widest | Duodenum, jejunum and Ileum
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| Which division of the small bowel is the shortest | Duodenum
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| Which division of the small bowel is the longest | Ileum
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| Which division of the SB has a feathery or coiled spring appearance during a SBS | Jejunum
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| How long is the average small bowel if removed and stretched during an autopsy | 23ft
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| In a person with good muscle tone, the length of the entire small bowel is | 15-18 feet
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| The average length of the large intestine | 5 feet
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| In which two ab quadrants would the majority of the jejunum be found | LUQ, LLQ
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| Which muscular band marks the junction between the duodenum and jejunum | ligament of Tretiz
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| Which two aspects of the large intestine are not considered part of the colon | Cecum and Rectum
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| The colon consists of ____ sections and ___ flexures | 4 and 2
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| List two functions of the ileocecal valve | prevents contents from passing to quickly into cecum, to prevent refluz
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| What is another term for the appendix | Vermiform
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| Longest aspect of the large intestine | Transverse colon
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| Widest portion of the largest intestine | Cecum
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| A blind pouch inferior to the ileocecal valve | Appendix
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| Aspect of small intestine that is the smallest in diameter but the longest in length | Ileum
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| Distal part also called the iliac colon | Descending colon
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| Shortest aspect of small intestine | Duodenum
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| Lies in pelvis but possesses a wide freedom of motion | Sigmoid colon
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| Makes up 40% of the small intestine | Jejunum
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| Found between the cecum and transverse colon | Ascending colon
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| What is the term for the three bands of muscle that pull the large intestine into pouches | Taeniae coli
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| Which portion of the small intestine is located primarily to the left of the midline | Jejunum
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| Which portion of the small intestine is located primarily in the RLQ | Ileum
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| Which aspect of the small intestine is most fixed in position | Duodenojejunal junction
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| In which quadrant does the terminal ileum connect with the large intestine | RLQ
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| The widest portion of the large bowel is the | Cecum
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| Which flexure of the large bowel usually extends more superiorly | Splenic (left colic)
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| Inflammation of the vermiform appendix is called | Appendicitis
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| Which structures will fill with air during a double contrast barium enema with the patient supine | Transverse colon and sigmoid colon
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| Which aspect of the GI tract is primarily responsible for digestion, absorption and reabsorption | Small intestine
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| Which aspect of the GI tract is responsible for the synthesis and absorption of vitamins B and K and amino acids | Large intestine
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| Common birth defect found in the ileum | Meckel's diverticulum
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| Common parasitic infection of the small intestine | Giardiasis
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| Obstruction of the small intestine | Ileus
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| Patient with lactose or sucrose sensitivities | Malabsorption syndrome
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| New growth | Neoplasm
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| A form of sprue | Celiac disease
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| Inflammation of the intestine | Enteritis
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| Form of inflammatory disease of the GI Tract | Regional enteritis
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| Circular staircase or herringbone sign | Ileus
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| Cobblestone appearance | Regional enteritis
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| Apple core sign | Adenocarcinoma
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| Dilation of the intestine with thickening of circular folds | Giardiasis
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| Large diverticulum of the ileum | Meckel's divertculum
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| Beak sign | Volvulus
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| Meckel's diverticulum is best diagnosed with which imaging modality | Nuc medicine
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| Whipple's disease is a rare disorder of the | Proximal small intestine
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| list two conditions that may prevent the use of barium during a small bowel series | Perf. hollow viscus, large bowel obsruction
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| How much barium is generally given to an adult patient for a small bowel only series | 2 cups or 16oz
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| When is a small bowel series deemed completed | Barium passes through ileocecal valve
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| How long does it take to complete an adult small bowel series | 2 hours
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| When is the first image taken during s small bowel series | 15-30min
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| The term enteroclysis describes what type of small bowel study | Double contrast small bowel
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| Which two pathologic conditions are best evaluated through and entercolysis procedure | small bowel ileus, malabsorption syndromes
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| A procedure to alleviate postoperative distention of a small intestine obstruction is called | Therapeutic intubation
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| What is the recommended patient preparation before a small bowel series | NPO 8 hours, no smoking or gum
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| Which postion is recommended for small bowel images | Prone
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| A twisting of a portion of the intestine on its own mesentery | Volvulus
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| Outpouching of the mucosal wall | Diverticulum
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| Inflammatory condition of the large intestine | Colitis
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| Severe form of colitis | Ulcerative colitis
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| Telescoping of one part of the intestine into another | Intussusception
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| Inward growth extending from the lumen of the intestinal wall | Polyp
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| A condition of numerous herniations of the mucosal wall of the large intestine is called | diverticulum
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| Condition may produce a tapered or corkscrew image sign during barium enema | Volvulus
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| Condition may produce the cobblestone image during a barium enema | Ulcerative colitis
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| What is the most common form of carcinoma found in the large intestine | Annular carcinoma
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| Volvulus occurs more frequently in males or females | Males
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| List three types of enema tips commonly used | Plastic disposable, rectal retention, and air-contrast retention
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| What water temp. is recommended for barium enema mixture | 85-90 degrees (room temp)
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| To minimize spasm during a barium enema ____ can be added to the contrast media mixture | Lidocaine
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| What is the name of the postion recommended for insertion of the rectal enema tip | Sim's
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| Most effective to demonstrate small polyps in the colon | Double contrast barium enema
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| Which one of the following clinical conditions is best demonstrated with evacuative proctography | Rectal prolapse
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| Which aspect of the large intestine must be demonstrated during evacuative proctography | anorectal angle
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| Into which position is the patient placed for imaging during the evacuative protogram | Lateral
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| Another term for CT colongography (ctc) is | Virtual colonoscapy
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| Which of the following projections is recommended to be taken during a small bowel series | Prone PA
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| Where is the CR centered for the 15 minute radiograph during a small bowel series | 2 inches above iliac crest
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| What kV is recommended for a small bowel series (single contrast study) | 100-125 kV
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| What are the breathing instructions for a projection taken during a small bowel series | on expiration
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| When is a small bowel series complete | When it reaches ileocecal valve
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| Which AEC chambers should be activated for both PA small bowel or barium enema projections | All three chambers
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| Which type of patient habitus may require two 14x17 crosswise cassettes for an AP barium enema image | Hypersthenic
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| Which position(s) taken during a barium enema will best demonstrate the right colic flexure | LPO or RAO
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| How much body rotation is required for oblique barium enema projection | 35-40 degrees
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| Which position should be performed if the patient cannot lie prone on the table to visualize the left colic flexure | RPO
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| Which of the following barium projections produces the greatest amount of skin dose | Lateral
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| Which position, taken during a double contrast barium enema, will produce an air filled image of the right colic flexure, ascending colon and cecum | Left lateral decub
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| Where is the CR centered for a lateral projection of the rectum | Level of ASIS and MSP
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