Unit 5 Quizlet
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| the tip of a stamen (male reproductive organ of a plant) | anther
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| any reproductive process that does not involve the mixing of genes from two parents. Offspring are genetically identical to the parent and each other (clones). This type of reproduction is also known as vegetative reproduction | asexual reproduction
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| a pigment in plants that makes leaves green | chlorophyll
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| a section of a plant that is removed and placed in water to allow roots to develop and a new plant to form | cutting
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| a porous (has holes) surface that lets particles pass on the basis of size. Also referred to as selectively permeable | differentially permeable membrane
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| tendency of particles in gas or liquid to become evenly distributed by moving from areas of greater concentration to areas of lower concentration | diffusion
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| the transport of seeds away from the parent plant | dispersal
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| a tiny living plant inside a seed | embryo
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| nutrients added to the soil to help plants grow stronger | fertilizers
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| plant tissue composed of thread-like bodies or filaments | fibre
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| a system of short roots that can quickly soak up moisture | fibrous roots
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| filament the stalk of a stamen (male reproductive organ of a plant) | filament
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| the growing ovary of a plant that swells and protects the developing seeds until they are ripe | fruit
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| the sprouting of the tiny plant from a seed | germination
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| a process used in plant reproduction whereby a branch is taken from one tree and attached to another tree | grafting
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| a plants ability to withstand certain environmental conditions | hardiness
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| a type of aromatic plant that can be used fresh or dried for seasoning in cooking, as a medicine, and sometimes even in perfumes | herb
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| a substance used to control or kill plant pests | herbicide
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| the layers in a cross section of soil | horizons
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| technique of growing plants in an artificial environment without soil | hydroponics
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| a substance used to control or kill insect pests | insecticide
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| a process used in plant reproduction whereby plants reproduce from stems | layering
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| the stages an organism goes through from one generation to the next. The seed plant's includes three stages: seed, seedling, and adult | lifecycle
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| artificial concentration of a single plant in an area | monoculture
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| food grown without chemical pest controls or fertilizers | organic food
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| being or composed of matter that comes from plants or animals | organic
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| diffusion of a solvent (usually water) through a selectively permeable membrane | osmosis
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| a tiny chamber containing the plants ovules | ovary
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| plant structure (egg) produced by a female that develops into a seed when fertilized | ovule
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| brightly colored parts of a flower that help to attract bees to its nectar | petals
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| a chemical reaction in which the Sun's energy is combined with water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and glucose (sugar) | photosynthesis
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| the female reproductive organ of a flower that includes the stigma, style, ovary, and ovules | pistil
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| male reproductive cells produced by male cones or flowers; contains sperm | pollen grains
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| movement of pollen to the ovule of a plant | pollination
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| chemicals that have washed off plants. These remain in the soil and water. | residues
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| stems that grow underground. New plants can sometimes grow off of them | rhizomes
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| tiny hair-like roots covering the smaller roots coming off the taproot. The _______________ are responsible for most of the plant's water and nutrient absorption | root hairs
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| salt that has collected on the surface of soil | salinization
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| a young plant | seedling
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| a process that involves choosing specific plants with particular characteristics and encouraging these plants to reproduce | selective breeding
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| enclose tightly bound petals of a bud and protect the flower before it opens | sepals
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| the production of unique offspring formed by the union of genetic material (e.g., egg and sperm) | sexual reproduction
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| a row of trees planted along the edge of a field to protect crops | shelter belt
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| male reproductive organ of a flower that includes the anther, filament, and pollen grains | stamen
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| sticky tip of a pistil | stigma
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| tiny openings (pores) in leaves through which carbon dioxide, water, and oxygen are exchanged with the atmosphere | stomata
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| tube connecting the stigma and ovary | style
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| a single, prominent root with numerous small roots coming out of it | taproot
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| a network of vascular (like blood vessels) plant tissue that transports water and minerals absorbed by the roots throughout the plant | xylem
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