Positioning of the Cervical and Thoracic Spine
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| show | Thyroid gland, para thyroid glands, and female breasts.
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| Two advantages of using higher kV exposure factors for spine radiography, especially on an AP thoracic spine radiograph | show 🗑
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| show | True- it is important to use close collimation, grids, and lead masking.
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| T/F If close collimation is used during conventional radiography of the spine, the use of lead masking is generally not required. | show 🗑
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| show | True- These modalities are replacing myelography.
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| T/F Nuclear Medicine is often performed to diagnose bone tumors of the spine. | show 🗑
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| To ensure that the intervertebral joint spaces are open for lateral thoracic spine projections, it is important to : | show 🗑
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| show | Using a small focal spot and increasing the source to image receptor distance (SID).
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| show | Spondylitis is an inflammatory process of the vertebrae. Spondylosis is a condition of the spine characterized by rigidity of a vertebral joint.
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| show | Myelography
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| show | Nuclear Medicine
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| T/F Many geriatric patients have a fear of falling off the radiographic table. | show 🗑
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| Which two landmarks must be aligned for an AP "open mouth" projection. | show 🗑
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| show | To open the intervertebral disk space.
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| For an AP axial of the cervical spine, a plane through the tip of the mandible and _______ should be parallel to the angled central ray. | show 🗑
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| show | Less divergence of x-ray beam to reduce shoulder superimposition of C7, and compensates for increased OID; reducing magnification.
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| What central ray angulation must be used with a posterior oblique projection of the cervical spine? | show 🗑
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| Which foramina are demonstrated with a left posterior oblique (LPO) position of the cervical spine? | show 🗑
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| Which foramina are demonstrated witha a left anterior oblique (LAO) position of the cervical spine? | show 🗑
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| In addition to extending the chin, which additional positioning technique can be performed to ensure that the mandible is not superimposed over the upper cervical vertebrae for the oblique projections? | show 🗑
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| What is the recommended SID for a lateral projection of the cervical spine? | show 🗑
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| show | Expiration. To maximize shoulder depression.
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| show | Lateral, horizontal beam projection.
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| show | Twining method.
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| show | At T1 1 inch above jugular notch, or at the vertebral prominence (C7)
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| Which region of the spine must be demonstrated with a cervicothoracic (swimmer's lateral) projection? | show 🗑
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| show | Hyperextension and flexion lateral positions.
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| show | If unable to demonstrate the upper portion of the dens with the AP open mouth projection.
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| show | Scoliosis series.
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| show | correct use of anode-heel effect; use of compensating (wedge) filter.
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| show | To blur out rib and lung markings that obscure detail of thoracic vertebrae.
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| Which zygopophyseal joints are demonstrated in a right anterior oblique (RAO) projection of the thoracic spine? | show 🗑
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| show | Swimmer's Lateral
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| Which of the following results in the lowest midline and skin doses for the patient? AP T-Spine projection at 90kV@7 mAs, AP T-spine at 80kV @12 mAs, Lateral T-spine at 80kV@50 mAs, Oblique T-spine at 80kV@20 mAs | show 🗑
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| show | True (anterior oblique <5 mrad; posterior oblique <69 mrad)
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| Which one of the following structures is best demonstrated with an AP axial vertebral arch projection? Spinous processes-lumbar spine, Articular pillar-(lateral mass)-cervical spine, Zygopophyseal joints-thoracic spine, Cervicothoracic spine region. | show 🗑
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| show | 20-30 degree caudal angle
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| show | lead mat or masking
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| Which skull positioning line is aligned perpendicular to the IR for a PA (Judd) projection for the odontoid process? | show 🗑
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| show | right (upside)
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| show | 20 degrees from lateral
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Mr. Massive
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