RS: Ch 9 Experimental control
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| show | THE EXPERIMENT
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| The purpose of the Experiment: | show 🗑
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| show | Researcher systematically introduces changes into natural phenomenaObserves consequences of those changesMust have sufficient control over ex situation to be a true exThose variables that are not able to be controlled are considered limitations
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| show | if too much control can’t apply to the real world
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| Extraneous variables | show 🗑
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| If an Extraneous Variable is not controlled it can exert a ________ | show 🗑
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| show | designed to control for these confounding influences
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| show | factors that emerge from the environment and the experimental situation
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| Intrinsic Factors: | show 🗑
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| Confounding | show 🗑
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| show | The independent variable must be manipulated by the researcherThe participants must be randomly assigned to groupsA control group must be incorporated within the design
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| MANIPULATION OF VARIABLES | show 🗑
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| The the Researcher does what to the active variable : | show 🗑
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| show | does NOT manipuate
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| show | is an independen variable with levels that can be Manipulates and assigned by the researcher
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| Attribute variable: | show 🗑
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| RANDOM ASSIGNMENT | show 🗑
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| show | is the assignment of subjects to groups using probability methods, where every subject has an equal chance of being assigned to each group.
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| show | means any differenes between groups are due to chance alone, this way inter-participant differences should balance out
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| show | probability!Done by use of random numbers table or computer
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| show | extraneous effects
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| The control group usually receives | show 🗑
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| The treatment group receives | show 🗑
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| show | is an experiment in which both the investigator and the subject are kept ignorant of group assignment
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| show | an experiment in which either the investigator or the subject is kept ignoratnt of group assignment, not both Ronda- only experimenter is blind
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| show | Selecting homogeneous participantsBlockingMatchingSubjects as own controlAnalysis of Covariance (ANCOVA)
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| Homogeneous participants | show 🗑
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| show | Builds the attribute variables into the experimental design as an IVExample:If age makes a difference have different age groupsRandomly assign participants within the group – randomized block design
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| Block | show 🗑
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| Blinding | show 🗑
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| show | a variable taht is more likely to be present in one group of subjects than another, and that is related to the outcome of interest, thereby potentially "confounding" interpretation of the outcome.
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| show | Participants “matched” based on specific characteristic(s)Example:AgeSexDisease
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| show | All participants receive all levels of the IVRepeated measures design
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| ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE | show 🗑
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| Analysis of covariance ( ANCOVA) | show 🗑
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